1862 March 7th

March 7 1862 Friday

Battle of Pea Ridge, AR

Burnside’s Expedition to North Carolina
Pea Ridge Campaign
Sibley’s Operations in New Mexico
New Madrid Campaign

CSA. William M Browne was appointed interim Confederate Secretary of State.

Arkansas. Reconnaissance to Berryville ended.

Pea Ridge, Arkansas, also known as Elkhorn Tavern, Bentonville, or Leetown. At dawn, the Union Army of the Southwest under Brigadier-General Samuel Ryan Curtis discovered that the 17,000 Confederates and 60 guns under Major-General Earl Van Dorn had disappeared from their front at Pea Ridge. The Union force had about 10,500 men and fifty guns.
Van Dorn had planned for both of his divisions to reach Cross Timber Hollow in the Union rear but by dawn, only the head of Major-General Sterling Price’s division had made it that far. Because of the delay, the Confederate army commander instructed Brigadier-General Benjamin McCulloch’s division to take the Ford Road from Twelve Corner Church and to meet Price at Elkhorn Tavern. Union patrols detected both threats during the morning, and Curtis became aware for the first time of the threat about to appear from a valley that ran north-south from beyond Pea Ridge into his unprotected rear. The option to retreat northwards was no longer feasible as his withdrawing column would be exposed to attack while in flight across a desolate region. A southward retreat would be disastrous with the Confederates lying across his lines of communication. The only possible decision was to accept battle.
Union Brigadier-General Franz Sigel’s two divisions (Brigadier-General Peter Joseph Osterhaus and Brigadier-General Alexander Asboth) were on the right and Curtis’ two divisions on the left (Colonel Eugene Asa Carr and Brigadier-General Jefferson Columbus Davis). They changed face towards the north and, not knowing exactly where the Confederate main body was located, Curtis sent Colonel Grenville Mellen Dodge’s brigade of Carr’s 4^th Division northeast up the Wire Road to join the 24^th Missouri Infantry at Elkhorn Tavern. Dodge was still worried about the threat to the Union rear and disobeyed orders to pull his brigade back to Pratt’s Store. This had made them unexpectedly available to reinforce the line at Elkhorn.
Curtis also sent a mixed force under the command of Osterhaus north to reconnoitre along Ford Road onto the western flank past Leetown. Davis was moved forward to support him soon afterward. Asboth’s division formed the reserve on the Wire Road under Sigel’s direction. Osterhaus’ force consisted of Colonel Nicholas Greusel’s brigade of his own 1^st Division, several cavalry units led by Colonel Cyrus Bussey, and 12 guns.
McCulloch’s Confederate force consisted of a brigade of cavalry under Brigadier-General James McQueen McIntosh, a brigade of infantry under Colonel Louis Hébert, and a combined force of Cherokee, Choctaw, Chickasaw, Creek, and Seminole Indians under Brigadier-General Albert Pike. McCulloch’s troops swung west on the Ford Road and struck Union elements at Leetown. At 11.30 am Osterhaus rode north through a belt of timber onto Foster Farm and witnessed an astonishing sight. McCulloch’s entire division was marching eastwards along Ford Road only a few hundred yards away. In spite of the odds, Osterhaus ordered Bussey’s small force to attack in order to buy time for his infantry brigade to deploy. Three guns began shelling the Confederates, killing at least ten men. McCulloch wheeled McIntosh’s 3,000 horsemen to the south and ordered them to attack. The massed Confederate charge mobbed the Union attackers. They stampeded Bussey’s force and captured all three guns.
A little further west, two companies of the 3^rd Iowa Infantry ran into a Cherokee ambush and were similarly routed, losing 24 men killed and 17 wounded. After the early clashes few of the Indian troops, apart from Colonel Stand Watie’s Cherokees, were willing to take an active part in this unfamiliar kind of warfare.
South of the belt of timber lay Oberson’s Field. Greusel had time to form his brigade and nine guns on the edge of the forest on the south side of Oberson’s Field. Confederate Colonel Sullivan Ross alertly led the 6^th Texas Cavalry in pursuit of Bussey’s force. But when Ross rode into the field, his men were fired on and quickly fell back. Greusel posted two companies of skirmishers from the 36^th Illinois Infantry along the southern edge of the belt of timber between Oberson’s and Foster’s fields. The Union gunners began lobbing shells over the belt of timber. Although the howitzers were fired blindly, their first shell bursts panicked the Cherokees, who retreated rapidly and could not be rallied.
Meanwhile, McCulloch had formed Louis Hébert’s 4,000-man infantry brigade across a wide front and sent them south. Hébert took control of the four regiments east of the north-south Leetown Road, while McCulloch took charge of the four regiments west of the road. McCulloch rode forward into the belt of timber to personally reconnoitre the Union positions. While in the belt of timber he rode into the range of the Illinois skirmishers and was shot through the heart. McIntosh was quickly notified of McCulloch’s death and that he was now in local command. Fearing that the death of their popular leader would dishearten his soldiers, McCulloch’s staff made the unwise decision not to share the bad news with many of the subordinate officers. Without consulting Hébert, McIntosh impulsively led his former regiment, the dismounted 2^nd Arkansas Mounted Rifles Regiment into the attack. As the unit reached the southern edge of the belt of timber, it was met with a massed volley from Greusel’s brigade and McIntosh was killed.
In the meantime, unaware that he had now succeeded suddenly to the command of the division after McIntosh, Hébert led the left wing of the attack south into the woods. The colonels of the right-wing regiments decided to pull back and wait for orders and Hébert’s powerful attack was stopped by Davis and the Union 3^rd Division. Davis was originally destined for Elkhorn, but Curtis had diverted his troops to Leetown after Osterhaus’ report reached him. The four Confederate regiments nearly overran Davis’ leading brigade under Colonel Julius White. Davis ordered a cavalry battalion to charge, but this effort was easily routed by the Southern infantry. When Colonel Thomas Pattison’s brigade arrived, Davis sent them up a forest trail to envelop Hébert’s open left flank. Untroubled by the inert Confederate units on Foster’s Farm, Osterhaus was able to box in Hébert’s right flank. After very hard fighting in dense woods, the Confederates, pressed from three sides, were driven back to the Ford Road. In the smoky confusion, Hébert and a small party, having become separated from the rest of the left-wing, rode through a gap in the Union lines and got lost in the woods. Later that day, a Union cavalry unit captured Hébert and his group. At this point, command of McCulloch’s division would normally have devolved upon Colonel Elkanah Greer of the 3^rd Texas Cavalry but confusion meant that he was not notified of his superior officers’ death or capture for several hours.
In the meantime, Comnfederate Brigadier-General Albert Pike stepped up to assume command on the Leetown battlefield around 3 pm. At 3.30 pm, even as Hébert was still battling in the woods, Pike decided to lead the regiments nearest to him in retreat back to Twelve Corners Church. This movement was confused and several units were left behind, some marching back towards Camp Stephens, others around Big Mountain towards Van Dorn and the rest of the army. At least one regiment was at this point ordered to discard its arms and bury them for later recovery. Several hours later, Greer assumed command of the remaining forces and was at that point informed of Pike’s actions. Initially, he considered remaining on the battlefield but, after consulting with Van Dorn, he decided to withdraw his forces as well and march to rejoin the remainder of the army in Cross Timber Hollow.
On the other side of Pea Ridge, Van Dorn and Price had encountered the Union line earlier near Elkhorn Tavern between 9.30 am and 10.30 am. Cearnal’s cavalry battalion in Price’s advance guard bumped into a company of the 24^th Missouri Infantry in Cross Timber Hollow. Soon after, Carr arrived at Elkhorn Tavern with Dodge’s brigade right behind. Carr spread out his regiments facing north along the edge of the plateau near the tavern and pulled the 24^th Missouri back to cover their left flank at the base of Big Mountain. The Union 4^th Division commander then sent forward the 1^st Iowa Battery’s four guns to slow the Confederate advance. At this point Van Dorn failed to rush against Carr’s outnumbered force with all available soldiers; he became cautious and ordered Price to deploy his division. When the Union guns began firing, Van Dorn ordered his own artillery into action. Soon, 21 Southern guns were pounding the Iowa battery and it lost three guns and two caissons. The Union line reformed further back around a second battery.
By the time Price’s infantry finally began edging uphill in a third advance toward the Union guns, they met Carr’s men advancing downhill in an aggressive counterstroke. The Confederate advance stalled near Elkhorn, but Price’s left flank units were marching up Williams Hollow further to the east. Once this force reached the plateau, Carr’s right flank would be turned.
By 12.30 pm Carr’s second brigade, Colonel William Vandever’s, arrived at Elkhorn. The Union division commander immediately launched this unit in a counterattack on Price’s right flank. Superior numbers of Confederates eventually forced Vandever to pull back a short distance uphill. At 2 pm Van Dorn learned that McCulloch’s division could not meet Price’s at Elkhorn. Confederate Colonel Henry Little on his own initiative waved his 1^st Missouri Brigade forward and the Confederate advance began to roll uphill. These events convinced Van Dorn to take more aggressive action. Price was wounded but remained in charge of his left wing while Van Dorn took tactical control of the Confederate right wing. More time was lost in reorganising Price’s division to attack.
Meanwhile, Curtis was rushing small units to Carr’s assistance as quickly as he could. Carr himself was wounded three times but refused to leave the field. When Price’s left finally emerged from Williams Hollow and attacked at about 4.30 pm Carr’s line was outflanked. Confederate artillery was systematically putting the Union guns out of action. On the right, Dodge’s brigade collapsed after putting up a fierce resistance at Clemon’s farm. On the left, in equally hard fighting, Vandever’s men were steadily pushed back to the tavern and beyond. In the centre, Little led his men forward in the face of Union artillery. After being forced back from position after position, Vandever’s men finally halted the Confederate drive at Ruddick’s field, over a quarter-mile south of the tavern. There they were joined by Dodge’s men, part of Asboth’s 2^nd Division and Curtis. At 6.30 pm they launched a brief counter-attack but were soon recalled in the dark.
After the day’s fighting, only Confederate Colonel Stand Watie’s Cherokees and Colonel David N McIntosh’s Creeks were willing to fight on from among the Indian forces and these were placed on top of Pea Ridge to secure the Confederate right flank. By nightfall, the Confederates controlled Elkhorn Tavern and the Telegraph Road and Van Dorn decided to press the engagement the following day. Curtis drew his forces into a more compact defensive position. Asboth’s division was summoned from reserve and marched up the Wire Road, arriving around 7 pm to relieve Carr’s division. Asboth was wounded in skirmishing during the evening.
Curtis held a council of war at which Sigel, Osterhaus, Carr, and Asboth advocated retreat. Only Davis agreed with Curtis in mounting a defensive stand in the morning. Although his army was now cut off from safety in Missouri, Curtis predicted victory in the morning, sensing that the Confederates must be at least as exhausted as his own men.

ORDER OF BATTLE: PEA RIDGE, AR

Union Department of the Missouri: Major-General Henry Wager Halleck
District of Southwest Missouri: Brigadier-General Samuel Ryan Curtis
Army of the Southwest: Brigadier-General Samuel Ryan Curtis
Sigel’s Wing (Southwest): Brigadier-General Franz Sigel
1^st Division (Southwest): Colonel Peter Joseph Osterhaus
1^st Brigade, 1^st Division (Southwest): Colonel Peter Joseph Osterhaus
2^nd Brigade, 1^st Division (Southwest): Colonel Nicholas Greusel
2^nd Division (Southwest): Brigadier-General Alexander Asboth
1st Brigade, 2nd Division (Southwest): Colonel Frederick Schaefer
Curtis’ Wing (Southwest): Brigadier-General Samuel Ryan Curtis
3^rd Division (Southwest): Brigadier-General Jefferson Columbus Davis
1st Brigade (Southwest), 3rd Division: Colonel Thomas Pattison
2nd Brigade, 3rd Division (Southwest): Colonel Julius White
4^th Division (Southwest): Brigadier-General Eugene Asa Carr
1^st Brigade, 4^th Division (Southwest): Colonel Grenville Mellen Dodge
2^nd Brigade, 4^th Division (Southwest): Colonel William Vandever

Confederate Western Department: General Albert Sidney Johnston
Trans-Mississippi District: Major-General Earl Van Dorn
Army of the West: Major-General Earl Van Dorn
McCulloch’s Division (West): Brigadier-General Benjamin McCulloch
Hébert’s Brigade, McCulloch’s Division (West): Colonel Louis Hébert. Colonel Evander McNair
McIntosh’s Cavalry Brigade, McCulloch’s Division (West): Brigadier-General James McIntosh
Pike’s Brigade, McCulloch’s Division (West): Brigadier-General Albert Pike
Price’s Division Missouri State Guard (West): Major-General Sterling Price
Little’s 1st Missouri Brigade, Price’s Division (West): Colonel Henry Little
Slack’s 2nd Missouri Brigade, Price’s Division (West): Brigadier-General William Yarnel Slack
Greene’s 3rd Missouri Brigade, Price’s Division (West): Colonel Colton Greene
Green’s “Division”, Missouri State Guard: State Brigadier-General Martin Edwin Green
3rd “Division”, Missouri State Guard: Colonel John Bullock Clark
5th “Division”, Missouri State Guard: Colonel James P Saunders
6th “Division”, Missouri State Guard: Major D Herndon Lindsay
7th and 9th (McBride’s) “Divisions”, Missouri State Guard: Brigadier-General Daniel Marsh Frost
8th “Division”, Missouri State Guard: State Brigadier-General James Edward Rains

Georgia. Union reconnaissance expedition to Elba Island and Savannah River began.

Kentucky. Union Captain Andrew Hull Foote’s gunboat flotilla of seven ironclads gunboats left Columbus and steamed for Island No 10. They left Cairo with Foote believing that they were not required for direct combat of the kind they had undertaken at Fort Henry and Fort Donelson.
Foote’s seven gunboats were accompanied by eleven mortar boats or rafts, later reinforced to fourteen, each of them 60-feet long and 35-feet wide and built to a novel hexagonal design. The mortar boats each mounted a single 13-inch mortar under the command of Captain Henry E Maynadier. Despite fears that they were not seaworthy and would not survive for long once their mortars opened fire, they became a useful new weapon for use against riverside fortifications. The ships moored three miles above the head of the fortified island and the mortar boats launched a few long-range mortar shells across the peninsula against the defences.

Missouri. Operations in Saline County began.

Missouri. Skirmish at Bob’s Creek involving Union Lieutenant-Colonel Arnold Krekel (1st Battalion Missouri Militia Cavalry).

Missouri. Skirmish at Fox Creek.

Missouri. Skirmish at Point Pleasant.

Virginia. Incident at Winchester.

Virginia. A Confederate cavalry force commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel Turner Ashby skirmished briefly with Union troops commanded by Brigadier-General Alpheus Starkey Williams near Winchester.

Virginia. Confederate General Joseph Eggleston Johnston begins to evacuate the lines at Manassas. The Confederate Army of the Valley under Major-General Thomas Jonathan Jackson remained in the Shenandoah Valley at Winchester. The brigade of Brigadier-General Daniel Harvey Hill guarded the ground between Johnston and Jackson at the key crossroads and railroad terminus of Leesburg. The rest of the Confederate Army of the Potomac converged from Evansport, Dumfries, Manassas, and Occoquan, in the direction of Culpeper and the Rappahannock River.

Virginia. Union Brigadier-General Erasmus Darwin Keyes led parts of IV Corps on a reconnaissance to West Point.

Virginia. Union Major-General George Brinton McClellan made a reconnaissance towards Centreville and Manassas.

Union Organisation

USA: Samuel Davis Sturgis confirmed Brigadier-General USV 7 March 1862 to rank from 10 August 1861.

USA: Eugene Asa Carr promoted Brigadier-General USV 30 April 1862 to rank from 7 March 1862.

USA: Thomas Alfred Davies promoted Brigadier-General USV 11 March 1862 to rank from 7 March 1862.

Commander in Chief: President Abraham Lincoln
Vice-President: Hannibal Hamlin
Secretary of War: Edwin McMasters Stanton
Secretary of the Navy: Gideon Welles

North Atlantic Blockading Squadron: Louis Malesherbes Goldsborough
South Atlantic Blockading Squadron: Samuel Francis Du Pont
West Gulf Blockading Squadron: David Glasgow Farragut
East Gulf Blockading Squadron: William McKean
Pacific Squadron: Charles H Bell
Western Gunboat Flotilla: Andrew Hull Foote
Potomac Flotilla: Robert Harris Wyman

General–in-Chief: George Brinton McClellan

Department of Florida: Lewis Golding Arnold

Department of the Gulf: Benjamin Franklin Butler awaited

Army of the Gulf: Benjamin Franklin Butler

Department of Kansas: David Hunter

Department of Key West: John Milton Brannan

Department of the Missouri: Henry Wager Halleck

District of West Tennessee: Ulysses Simpson Grant
- Army of West Tennessee: Ulysses Simpson Grant
District of Cairo: William Tecumseh Sherman
District of the Mississippi: John Pope
- Army of the Mississippi: John Pope
District of St Louis: John McAllister Schofield
District of Central Missouri: James Totten
District of North Missouri: John McAllister Schofield
District of Southeast Missouri: Frederick Steele
District of Southwest Missouri: Samuel Ryan Curtis
- Army of the Southwest: Samuel Ryan Curtis

Department of New Mexico: Edward Richard Sprigg Canby

Southern District of New Mexico: Benjamin Stone Roberts

Department of New York: Edward Denison Morgan

Department of North Carolina: Ambrose Everett Burnside

Department of the Ohio: Don Carlos Buell

Army of the Ohio: Don Carlos Buell

Department of the Pacific: George Wright

District of the Humboldt: Francis James Lippitt
District of Oregon: Albemarle Cady
District of Southern California: James Henry Carleton

Department of the Potomac: George Brinton McClellan

District of Harper’s Ferry and Cumberland: James Shields
Army of the Potomac: George Brinton McClellan
- I Corps Potomac: Irvin McDowell
- II Corps Potomac: Edwin Vose Sumner
- III Corps Potomac: Samuel Peter Heintzelman
- IV Corps Potomac: Erasmus Darwin Keyes
- V Corps Potomac: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks

Department of Texas: Vacant

Department of Virginia: John Ellis Wool

Department of Western Virginia: William Starke Rosecrans

District of the Kanawha: Jacob Dolson Cox
Cheat Mountain District: Robert Huston Milroy
Railroad District: Benjamin Franklin Kelley

Confederate Organisation

CSA: Charles Sidney Winder confirmed Brigadier-General PACS 7 March 1862 to rank from 1 March 1862.

CSA: Samuel Bell Maxey confirmed Brigadier-General PACS 7 March 1862 to rank from 4 March 1862.

CSA: William Duncan Smith promoted Brigadier-General PACS 11 March 1862 to rank from 7 March 1862.

CSA: Brigadier-General Benjamin McCulloch was killed at Pea Ridge.

CSA: Brigadier-General James McQueen McIntosh was killed at Pea Ridge.

CSA: Colonel William Yarnel Slack, posthumously promoted Brigadier-General, was mortally wounded at Pea Ridge.

Commander in Chief: President Jefferson Finis Davis
Vice-President: Alexander Hamilton Stephens
Secretary of War: Judah Philip Benjamin
Secretary of the Navy: Stephen Russell Mallory

Military Adviser to the President: Robert Edward Lee

Department No 1: Mansfield Lovell

Department of Alabama and West Florida: Braxton Bragg

Army of Pensacola: Samuel Jones
Army of Mobile: John Bordenave Villepigue

Department of East Tennessee: Edmund Kirby Smith awaited

Department of Henrico: John Henry Winder

Department of the Indian Territory: Douglas Hancock Cooper

Department of Norfolk: Benjamin Huger

Department of North Carolina: Richard Caswell Gatlin

District of Cape Fear: Joseph Reid Anderson
District of Pamlico: Lawrence O’Bryan Branch
District of Roanoke Island: Henry Marchmore Shaw

Department of Northern Virginia: Joseph Eggleston Johnston

District of Aquia: Robert Augustus Toombs
Army of the Potomac: Joseph Eggleston Johnston
- I Corps Potomac: James Longstreet
- II Corps Potomac: Gustavus Woodson Smith
Valley District: Thomas Jonathan Jackson
- Army of the Valley: Thomas Jonathan Jackson

Department of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder

Army of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder

Department of South Carolina, Georgia and East Florida: Robert Edward Lee

District of Middle and East Florida: William Montgomery Gardner
District of Georgia: Alexander Robert Lawton
District of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley
- 1^st Sub-District of South Carolina: Arthur Middleton Manigault.
- 2^nd Sub-District of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley
- 3^rd Sub-District of South Carolina: Nathan George Evans
- 4^th Sub-District of South Carolina: John Clifford Pemberton
- 5^th Sub-District of South Carolina: Thomas Fenwick Drayton

Department of Southwestern Virginia: William Wing Loring

District of Lewisburg: Henry Heth

Department of Texas: Paul Octave Hébert

Eastern District of Texas: Paul Octave Hébert
Western District of Texas: Henry Eustace McCullough
Sub-District of Houston: John C Bowen
Sub-District of Galveston: Ebenezer B Nichols
Sub-District of the Rio Grande: Hamilton Prioleau Bee awaited
Defences of Pass Cavallo: John W Glenn

Western Department: Albert Sidney Johnston

Trans-Mississippi District: Earl Van Dorn
District of North Alabama: Daniel Ruggles
Army of Mississippi: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard awaited
- First Grand Division (Mississippi): Leonidas Polk
- Second Grand Division (Mississippi): Braxton Bragg
- Reserve Corps (Mississippi): George Bibb Crittenden
Army of Central Kentucky: Albert Sidney Johnston
Army of Eastern Kentucky: Humphrey Marshall
Army of the West: Earl Van Dorn

District of Arizona: Henry Hopkins Sibley

Army of New Mexico: Henry Hopkins Sibley

Forces in Richmond: Charles Dimmock

Union Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

Major-General USA

George Brinton McClellan
John Charles Frémont
Henry Wager Halleck

Major-General USV

John Adams Dix
Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Benjamin Franklin Butler
David Hunter
Edwin Denison Morgan
Ethan Allen Hitchcock
Ulysses Simpson Grant

Brigadier-General USA

John Ellis Wool
William Selby Harney
Edwin Vose Sumner
Joseph King Fenno Mansfield
Irvin McDowell
Robert Anderson
William Starke Rosecrans
Philip St George Cooke

Brigadier-General USV

Samuel Peter Heintzelman
Erasmus Darwin Keyes
Andrew Porter
Fitz-John Porter
William Buel Franklin
William Tecumseh Sherman
Charles Pomeroy Stone
Don Carlos Buell
Thomas West Sherman
John Pope
George Archibald McCall
William Reading Montgomery
Philip Kearny
Joseph Hooker
John Wolcott Phelps
Samuel Ryan Curtis
Charles Smith Hamilton
Darius Nash Couch
Rufus King
Jacob Dolson Cox
Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
Franz Sigel
Robert Cumming Schenck
Benjamin Mayberry Prentiss
Benjamin Franklin Kelley
John Alexander McClernand
Alpheus Starkey Williams
Israel Bush Richardson
James Cooper
James Brewerton Ricketts
Orlando Bolivar Willcox
Michael Corcoran
George Henry Thomas
Ambrose Everett Burnside
Henry Hayes Lockwood
Louis Blenker
Henry Warner Slocum
James Samuel Wadsworth
John James Peck
Ormsby McKnight Mitchel
George Webb Morell
John Henry Martindale
Samuel Davis Sturgis
George Stoneman
Henry Washington Benham
William Farrar Smith
James William Denver
Egbert Ludovicus Vielé
James Shields
John Fulton Reynolds
William Farquhar Barry
John Joseph Abercrombie
John Sedgwick
Charles Ferguson Smith
Silas Casey
Lawrence Pike Graham
George Gordon Meade
Abram Duryée
Alexander McDowell McCook
Oliver Otis Howard
Eleazar Arthur Paine
Daniel Edgar Sickles
Charles Davis Jameson
Ebenezer Dumont
Robert Huston Milroy
Lewis Wallace
Willis Arnold Gorman
Daniel Butterfield
Horatio Gouverneur Wright
Edward Otho Cresap Ord
William Nelson
William Thomas Ward
John Gross Barnard
Innis Newton Palmer
Seth Williams
John Newton
Winfield Scott Hancock
Thomas Leonidas Crittenden
George Wright
Isaac Ingalls Stevens
Thomas Williams
George Sykes
William Henry French
William Thomas Harbaugh Brooks
John Milton Brannan
William Wallace Burns
John Porter Hatch
David Sloane Stanley
William Kerley Strong
Albin Francisco Schoepf
Lovell Harrison Rousseau
James Scott Negley
Thomas John Wood
Richard W Johnson
Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich Von Steinwehr
Joseph Bennett Plummer
John Gray Foster
George Washington Cullum
Jeremiah Tilford Boyle
Christopher Columbus Augur
Schuyler Hamilton
Jesse Lee Reno
George Washington Morgan
Julius Stahel
John McAllister Schofield
Thomas Jefferson McKean
John Grubb Parke
Zealous Bates Tower
Jefferson Columbus Davis
James Henry Lane
John McAuley Palmer
William High Keim
James Abram Garfield
Lewis Golding Arnold
Frederick Steele
William Scott Ketchum
Abner Doubleday
John Wynn Davidson
Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana
David Bell Birney
Thomas Francis Meagher
Henry Morris Naglee
Andrew Johnson
James Gallant Spears
Eugene Asa Carr
Thomas Alfred Davies

Brigadier-General USA (Staff)

Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (Quartermaster-General)
Henry Knox Craig
Lorenzo Thomas (Adjutant-General)
James Wolfe Ripley (Ordnance)

Confederate Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

General ACSA

Samuel Cooper
Albert Sidney Johnston
Robert Edward Lee
Joseph Eggleston Johnston
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard

Major-General PACS

Leonidas Polk
Braxton Bragg
Earl Van Dorn
Gustavus Woodson Smith
Theophilus Hunter Holmes
William Joseph Hardee
Benjamin Huger
James Longstreet
John Bankhead Magruder
Mansfield Lovell
Thomas Jonathan Jackson
Edmund Kirby Smith
George Bibb Crittenden
John Clifford Pemberton
Richard Stoddert Ewell
William Wing Loring
Sterling Price

Brigadier-General PACS

Alexander Robert Lawton
Benjamin McCulloch KIA
Charles Clark
John Buchanan Floyd
Henry Alexander Wise
David Rumph Jones
Henry Hopkins Sibley
John Henry Winder
Richard Caswell Gatlin
Daniel Smith Donelson
Samuel Read Anderson
Benjamin Franklin Cheatham
Daniel Harvey Hill
Jones Mitchell Withers
Richard Heron Anderson
Robert Augustus Toombs
Samuel Jones
Arnold Elzey
William Henry Chase Whiting
Jubal Anderson Early
Isaac Ridgway Trimble
Daniel Ruggles
Roswell Sabine Ripley
Albert Pike
Paul Octave Hébert
Joseph Reid Anderson
Simon Bolivar Buckner
Leroy Pope Walker
Albert Gallatin Blanchard
Gabriel James Rains
James Ewell Brown Stuart
Lafayette McLaws
Thomas Fenwick Drayton
Thomas Carmichael Hindman
Adley Hogan Gladden
John Porter McCown
Lloyd Tilghman
Nathan George Evans
Cadmus Marcellus Wilcox
Robert Emmett Rodes
Richard Taylor
James Heyward Trapier
Samuel Gibbs French
William Henry Carroll
Hugh Weedon Mercer
Humphrey Marshall
John Cabell Breckinridge
Richard Griffith
Alexander Peter Stewart
William Montgomery Gardner
Richard Brooke Garnett
William Mahone
Lawrence O’Bryan Branch
Edward Johnson
Maxcy Gregg
Raleigh Edward Colston
Henry Heth
Johnson Kelly Duncan
Sterling Alexander Martin Wood
John George Walker
John King Jackson
George Edward Pickett
James McQueen McIntosh KIA
Bushrod Rust Johnson
James Patton Anderson
Howell Cobb
George Wythe Randolph
Joseph Brevard Kershaw
James Ronald Chalmers
Joseph Lewis Hogg
Ambrose Powell Hill
James Johnston Pettigrew
Carter Littlepage Stevenson
Daniel Leadbetter
William Whann Mackall
Charles Sidney Winder
Robert Ransom
John Bell Hood
Daniel Marsh Frost
Winfield Scott Featherston
Thomas James Churchill
William Booth Taliaferro
Albert Rust
Patrick Ronayne Cleburne
Samuel Bell Maxey
Hamilton Prioleau Bee
James Morrison Hawes
George Hume Steuart
William Duncan Smith