1861 October 22nd

October 22 1861 Monday

East Kentucky Operations

Maryland. Union engagement at Budd’s Ferry against Confederate shore batteries near Shipping Point between the Chopawamsic Creek and Quantico Creek.

Maryland. In an attempt to recover some credit after the debacle at Ball’s Bluff, Union Brigadier-General Frederick West Lander led a reconnaissance in force to Edward’s Ferry. Lander was seriously wounded while his force was being extricated to the northern bank of the Potomac.

Missouri. Skirmish at Buffalo Springs.

Tennessee. After seeking approval from US President Abraham Lincoln for his raiding plans, William Blount Carter entered East Tennessee to recruit raiding parties to destroy nine strategic railroad bridges. These attacks were supposed to be followed by an invasion by Union Army forces forming in southeastern Kentucky. The conspirators managed to destroy five of the nine targeted bridges but the Union Army failed to move. The destruction of the bridges, all of which were quickly rebuilt, had a negligible military impact. However, the attacks did prompt a shift in the Confederate treatment of Union sympathisers in East Tennessee. Martial law was imposed in some areas and some known Unionists were arrested and jailed. Several suspected bridge burners were convicted and sentenced to death.

Virginia. Incident at Goose Creek.

Virginia. Captain Thomas Tingey Craven USN, commanding the Union’s Potomac River Flotilla, reported that the Potomac River was commanded by Confederate batteries at all important points below Alexandria.

Virginia. Confederate General Joseph Eggleston Johnston restructured his command in northern Virginia. He dropped the name Department of the Potomac and replaced it with the more descriptive Department of Northern Virginia. The redundant Department of Fredericksburg was discontinued and consolidated into the District of Aquia with control over the coastal batteries and defences along the Chesapeake Bay. General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard was given a large and near-autonomous command now known as the District of the Potomac. Johnston’s main field force at and around Manassas Junction was between the unofficial I Corps of Major-General Earl Van Dorn and II Corps led by Major-General Gustavus Woodson Smith. Smith’s five brigades ultimately formed the bulk of a division commanded later by Daniel Harvey Hill. Major-General Thomas Jonathan Jackson was ordered to take command of forces moving to the Shenandoah Valley in response to the Union occupation of Romney and growing threats towards Winchester. Until this point, the Shenandoah Valley had been protected only by militiamen. Jackson arrived on 7 November 1861 to take over the reconstituted Army of the Valley.

Union Organisation

USA: Brigadier-General Benjamin Franklin Kelley assumed temporary command of the District of Harper’s Ferry and Cumberland, succeeding the wounded Brigadier-General Frederick West Lander.

USA: Joseph Bennett Plummer promoted Brigadier-General USV 11 March 1862 to rank from 22 October 1861.

Commander in Chief: President Abraham Lincoln
Vice-President: Hannibal Hamlin
Secretary of War: Simon Cameron
Secretary of the Navy: Gideon Welles

Atlantic Blockading Squadron: Louis Malesherbes Goldsborough
Gulf Blockading Squadron: William McKean
Pacific Squadron: John Berrien Montgomery
Western Gunboat Flotilla: Andrew Hull Foote
Potomac Flotilla: Thomas Tingey Craven

General–in-Chief: Winfield Scott

Department of the Cumberland: William Tecumseh Sherman

Department of the East: Vacant

Department of Florida: Harvey Brown

Department of New England: Benjamin Franklin Butler

Department of the Ohio: Ormsby McKnight Mitchel

District of Grafton: Benjamin Franklin Kelley

Department of the Pacific: Edwin Vose Sumner interim George Wright awaited

District of Oregon: Benjamin Lloyd Beall
District of Southern California: James Henry Carleton

Department of the Potomac: George Brinton McClellan

District of Harper’s Ferry and Cumberland: Benjamin Franklin Kelley
Army of the Potomac: George Brinton McClellan

Department of Texas: Vacant

Department of Virginia: John Ellis Wool

Western Department: John Charles Frémont

District of Western Kentucky: Charles Ferguson Smith
District of North Missouri: John Pope
District of Southeast Missouri: Ulysses Simpson Grant
Southern District of New Mexico: Benjamin Stone Roberts
Western Army: John Charles Frémont

Department of Western Virginia: William Starke Rosecrans

District of the Kanawha: Jacob Dolson Cox

Confederate Organisation

CSA: The Department of the Potomac was discontinued and incorporated into the Department of Northern Virginia.
CSA: The Department of Northern Virginia was established, comprising the areas formerly in the Department of Fredericksburg and the Department of the Potomac.
CSA: General Joseph Eggleston Johnston assumed command of the Department of Northern Virginia.
CSA: The Army of the Potomac transferred from the Department of the Potomac to the Department of Northern Virginia.
CSA: General Joseph Eggleston Johnston retained command of the Army of the Potomac.

CSA: The District of the Potomac was established in the Department of Northern Virginia, comprising the area of Virginia between the Blue Ridge Mountains and the left bank of Powell’s River.
CSA: General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard assumed command of the District of the Potomac.

CSA: The Valley District was established in the Department of Northern Virginia. It comprised the Shenandoah Valley and the Allegheny and Blue Ridge Mountain areas.
CSA: Major-General Thomas Jonathan Jackson was appointed to command the Valley District, arriving on 7 November 1861.
CSA: The Army of the Valley transferred from the discontinued Department of the Potomac to the Valley District.
CSA: Major-General Thomas Jonathan Jackson retained command of the Army of the Valley.

CSA: The Department of Fredericksburg was discontinued and incorporated into the Department of Northern Virginia as part of the District of Aquia.
CSA: The District of Aquia was transferred from the Department of Fredericksburg to the Department of Northern Virginia.
CSA: Brigadier-General Robert Augustus Toombs assumed command of the District of Aquia.

CSA: Brigadier-General James Heyward Trapier assumed command of the Department of Middle and Eastern Florida, succeeding the deceased Brigadier-General John Breckinridge Grayson.

CSA: The Army of Pensacola was established in the Department of Alabama and West Florida, comprising the former Forces in Pensacola.
CSA: Major-General Braxton Bragg was appointed to command the Army of Pensacola, arriving on 29 October 1861.

CSA: I Corps (Potomac) transferred with the Army of the Potomac from the Department of the Potomac to the Department of Northern Virginia.
CSA: Major-General Earl Van Dorn retained command of I Corps (Potomac).

CSA: II Corps (Potomac) transferred with the Army of the Potomac from the Department of the Potomac to the Department of Northern Virginia.
CSA: Major-General Gustavus Woodson Smith retained command of II Corps (Potomac).

Commander in Chief: President Jefferson Finis Davis
Vice-President: Alexander Hamilton Stephens
Secretary of War: Judah Philip Benjamin
Secretary of the Navy: Stephen Russell Mallory

Military Adviser to the President: Robert Edward Lee

Department No 1: Mansfield Lovell

Department of Alabama and West Florida: Braxton Bragg

District of Alabama: Jones Mitchell Withers
Army of Pensacola Braxton Bragg awaited

Department of Henrico: John Henry Winder

Department of Middle and Eastern Florida: James Heyward Trapier

Department of Norfolk: Benjamin Huger

Department of North Carolina: Richard Caswell Gatlin

District of Cape Fear: Joseph Reid Anderson
District of Pamlico: Daniel Harvey Hill

Department of Northern Virginia: Joseph Eggleston Johnston

District of Aquia: Robert Augustus Toombs
District of the Potomac: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
Army of the Potomac: Joseph Eggleston Johnston
- I Corps Potomac: Earl Van Dorn
- II Corps Potomac: Gustavus Woodson Smith
Valley District: Thomas Jonathan Jackson
- Army of the Valley: Thomas Jonathan Jackson

Department of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder

Army of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder

Department of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley

Department of Southwestern Virginia: William Wing Loring

Department of Texas: Paul Octave Hébert

District of Galveston: John Creed Moore

Western Department: Albert Sidney Johnston

First Geographical Division: Leonidas Polk
District of Upper Arkansas: William Joseph Hardee
District of East Tennessee: Felix Kirk Zollicoffer
District of the Indian Territory: Benjamin McCulloch
Army of Central Kentucky: Simon Bolivar Buckner
Western Army: Benjamin McCulloch

District of Arizona: John Robert Baylor

Defences of Savannah: Alexander Robert Lawton

Forces in Richmond: Charles Dimmock

Army of the Northwest: William Wing Loring

Union Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

Major-General USA

Winfield Scott
George Brinton McClellan
John Charles Frémont
Henry Wager Halleck

Major-General USV

John Adams Dix
Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Benjamin Franklin Butler
David Hunter
Edwin Denison Morgan

Brigadier-General USA

John Ellis Wool
William Selby Harney
Edwin Vose Sumner
Joseph King Fenno Mansfield
Irvin McDowell
Robert Anderson
William Starke Rosecrans

Brigadier-General USV

Samuel Peter Heintzelman
Erasmus Darwin Keyes
Andrew Porter
Fitz-John Porter
William Buel Franklin
William Tecumseh Sherman
Charles Pomeroy Stone
Don Carlos Buell
Thomas West Sherman
John Pope
George Archibald McCall
William Reading Montgomery
Philip Kearny
Joseph Hooker
John Wolcott Phelps
Ulysses Simpson Grant
Joseph Jones Reynolds
Samuel Ryan Curtis
Charles Smith Hamilton
Darius Nash Couch
Rufus King
Jacob Dolson Cox
Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
Franz Sigel
Robert Cumming Schenck
Benjamin Mayberry Prentiss
Frederick West Lander
Benjamin Franklin Kelley
John Alexander McClernand
Alpheus Starkey Williams
Israel Bush Richardson
James Cooper
James Brewerton Ricketts
Orlando Bolivar Willcox
Michael Corcoran
George Henry Thomas
Ambrose Everett Burnside
Henry Hayes Lockwood
Louis Blenker
Henry Warner Slocum
James Samuel Wadsworth
John James Peck
Ormsby McKnight Mitchel
George Webb Morell
John Henry Martindale
Samuel Davis Sturgis
George Stoneman
Henry Washington Benham
William Farrar Smith
James William Denver
Egbert Ludovicus Vielé
James Shields
John Fulton Reynolds
William Farquhar Barry
John Joseph Abercrombie
John Sedgwick
Charles Ferguson Smith
Silas Casey
Lawrence Pike Graham
George Gordon Meade
Abram Duryée
Alexander McDowell McCook
Oliver Otis Howard
Eleazar Arthur Paine
Daniel Edgar Sickles
Charles Davis Jameson
Ebenezer Dumont
Robert Huston Milroy
Lewis Wallace
Willis Arnold Gorman
Daniel Butterfield
Horatio Gouverneur Wright
Edward Otho Cresap Ord
William Nelson
William Thomas Ward
John Gross Barnard
Innis Newton Palmer
Seth Williams
John Newton
Winfield Scott Hancock
Thomas Leonidas Crittenden
George Wright
Isaac Ingalls Stevens
Thomas Williams
George Sykes
William Henry French
William Thomas Harbaugh Brooks
John Milton Brannan
William Wallace Burns
John Porter Hatch
David Sloane Stanley
William Kerley Strong
Albin Francisco Schoepf
Lovell Harrison Rousseau
James Scott Negley
Thomas John Wood
Richard W Johnson
Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich Von Steinwehr
Joseph Bennett Plummer

Brigadier-General USA (Staff)

Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (Quartermaster-General)
Henry Knox Craig
Lorenzo Thomas (Adjutant-General)
James Wolfe Ripley (Ordnance)

Confederate Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

General ACSA

Samuel Cooper
Albert Sidney Johnston
Robert Edward Lee
Joseph Eggleston Johnston
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard

Major-General PACS

Leonidas Polk
Braxton Bragg
Earl Van Dorn
Gustavus Woodson Smith
Theophilus Hunter Holmes
William Joseph Hardee
Benjamin Huger
James Longstreet
John Bankhead Magruder
Mansfield Lovell
Thomas Jonathan Jackson
Edmund Kirby Smith

Brigadier-General PACS

Alexander Robert Lawton
Milledge Lake Bonham
Benjamin McCulloch
William Wing Loring
Charles Clark
John Buchanan Floyd
William Henry Talbot Walker
Henry Rootes Jackson
Henry Alexander Wise
Richard Stoddert Ewell
David Rumph Jones
John Clifford Pemberton
Henry Hopkins Sibley
John Henry Winder
Richard Caswell Gatlin
Daniel Smith Donelson
Samuel Read Anderson
Benjamin Franklin Cheatham
Felix Kirk Zollicoffer
Daniel Harvey Hill
Jones Mitchell Withers
Richard Heron Anderson
Robert Augustus Toombs
Samuel Jones
Arnold Elzey
William Henry Chase Whiting
Jubal Anderson Early
Isaac Ridgway Trimble
Daniel Ruggles
George Bibb Crittenden
Roswell Sabine Ripley
Albert Pike
Paul Octave Hébert
Joseph Reid Anderson
Simon Bolivar Buckner
Leroy Pope Walker
Albert Gallatin Blanchard
Gabriel James Rains
James Ewell Brown Stuart
Lafayette McLaws
Thomas Fenwick Drayton
Thomas Carmichael Hindman
Adley Hogan Gladden
John Porter McCown
Lloyd Tilghman
Nathan George Evans
Cadmus Marcellus Wilcox
Philip St George Cocke
Robert Emmett Rodes
Richard Taylor
Louis Trezevant Wigfall
James Heyward Trapier
Daniel Marsh Frost