1865 January 15th

January 15 1865 Sunday

Second Battle of Fort Fisher, NC (CWSAC Decisive Battle Union Victory)

Siege of Petersburg
Terry’s Fort Fisher Expedition

Go to January 16 1865

Arkansas. Expedition from Pine Bluff against guerrillas began.

Arkansas. Skirmish in Madison County.

Colorado Territory. Incident at Wisconsin Ranch.

Kansas. Reconnaissance from Fort Larned to Pawnee Fork, Walnut Creek, and Smoky Hill River against the Sioux began.

Kentucky. Raid to Hopkinsville ended.

Louisiana. Expedition to Morganza ended.

Louisiana. Expedition from New Orleans to Mandeville, aboard the schooner Cazador began, resulting in the capture of some prisoners, and the seizure of provisions.

Mississippi. Confederate General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard arrived in Tupelo to inspect the Army of Tennessee and to consider the future of its commander, General John Bell Hood. Beauregard found the army much depleted in numbers, and seriously short of supplies, shoes, blankets, and food. Its morale had been deeply undermined by repeated defeats in Georgia and Tennessee. Beauregard believed that the men would no longer follow Hood with confidence and that he must be replaced with a trusted commander. Hood had already requested to be relieved two days earlier and Beauregard assumed interim command while he was on the way to join the army. Before his arrival, Beauregard had planned to move the army to strengthen the defence of the Carolinas but, after seeing its poor condition, he decided that any immediate attempt to move the army would be fatally damaging. He allowed 3,500 men to go on immediate furlough so that they could regain their health and 4,000 more men were allocated soon afterwards to reinforce the garrison of Mobile, Alabama. Beauregard finally took official field command of the remaining men on 23 January 1865.

Missouri. Expedition to Camp Grover ended.

Missouri. Reconnaissance to Texas Prairie ended.

Second Fort Fisher, North Carolina, also known as Fort Fisher. Having landed his infantry and artillery expedition near Fort Fisher, Union Major-General Alfred Howe Terry implemented his plan of assault. Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter’s gunboats opened fire on the sea face of the fort at 8 am and, and by noon, they had succeeded in silencing almost all of the fort’s guns. Only one gun was still serviceable on the land face of the fort, and none were active on the seaward face. Fear of the concentrated naval gunfire had forced Major-General Robert Frederick Hoke’s Confederate division to remain in position between Fort Fisher and Wilmington and it was unable to save the fort. USS Monticello, Lieutenant-Commander William Barker Cushing, attacked the former Confederate raider CSS Chickamauga and forced it to retire up the Cape Fear River. CSS Chickamauga had been firing at long range on the Union troops attacking Fort Fisher from the Cape Fear River, and its retirement eliminated any Confederate naval threat to the assault. The Union artillery continued to bombard the front, flank, and rear of the sector designated for the assault at point-blank range until 3 pm.
At 3 pm, the signal to cease firing was sent to the fleet and the assault began on the Confederate fortifications. A select force of 2,261 sailors and marines under Captain R Kidder Breeze USN moved over open beaches against the Northeast Bastion, where the fort’s land and sea faces met. The original plan was for this naval force, armed with revolvers and cutlasses, to attack in three waves with the marines providing covering fire. However, the assault went forward in a single disorderly mass against the northeast salient of the fort. About five hundred yards from the fort, the head of the column suddenly stopped and the whole mass of men went to ground. The leader of the naval assault force, Lieutenant Samuel W Preston. was among those killed. Lieutenant-Commander K Randolph Breese took up the leadership and the advance was resumed. At about three hundred yards’ range, they again went to ground, hiding from the heavy canister and rifle fire. A third advance was launched and 60 men under Lieutenant-Commander Thomas Oliver Selfridge reached and broke through the palisade. They were hurled back immediately, and the attack recoiled from the stockade and the base of the parapets. Confederate Major-General William Henry Chase General Whiting personally led the defence and routed the assault, causing heavy casualties in the naval force. The sailors’ and marines’ attack had failed but it distracted Confederate attention away from the river gate where Brigadier-General Adelbert Ames prepared to launch the main attack.
The main Union assault force under Ames moved in two columns down the peninsula with Ames’ own division advancing along the Wilmington Road on the western side of the peninsula. At 2 pm, Ames sent forward his first brigade under Colonel Newton Martin Curtis, while the brigades of Colonel Galusha Pennypacker and Colonel Louis Bell waited in reserve. A group of sixty sharpshooters from the 13^th Indiana Infantry, armed with Spencer repeating rifles, covered the advance of 40 men from Curtis’ brigade equipped with shovels, who began to dig rifle pits within 175 yards of the fort. The sharpshooters kept the parapets under continuous fire so that the remainder of Curtis’ brigade could move into a position in an earthwork captured on the previous day, about 50 yards behind the rifle pits. At about 3.25 pm, an advance guard from Curtis’ brigade used axes to cut through the palisades and abattis. Curtis’ brigade then stormed forward, taking heavy casualties as it overran the outer works and stormed the first traverse. At this point, Ames ordered Pennypacker’s brigade forward from reserve. They took over Curtis’ previous position while Colonel Louis Bell’s brigade (3/2/XXIV) lined up 200 yards behind Pennypacker and then proceeded towards his right. Ames accompanied the advance to the fort although Confederate sharpshooters shot down a number of aides around him. Pennypacker’s men fought their way through the riverside gate and Ames ordered a portion of his men to fortify a position they had established within the interior of the fort. Meanwhile, the Confederates turned around the guns in Battery Buchanan at the southern tip of the peninsula and fired at the northern wall after it fell into Union hands. Ames observed that Curtis’ lead units had become stalled at the fourth traverse, and he ordered forward Bell’s brigade. Bell was killed by sharpshooters before reaching the fort. Porter’s gunboats helped maintain the momentum. Firing at right angles to the direction of the Union charge, they hit the Confederate defenders with accurate gunfire. Other ships lifted their fire to neutralise the riverbank behind the fort, and to prevent the arrival of reinforcements. The firepower of the fleet revived the faltering attack and began sweeping away the defenders as the Union troops approached the sea wall. Curtis’ troops finally overran the heavily contested fourth traverse.
At the right-hand end of the assault, fierce fighting took place in rifle pits and excavations beyond the parapet itself and in the traverses. Seeing the Union attackers crowded into the breach and interior, Whiting personally led a counterattack. He refused multiple demands to surrender and was twice wounded. Confederate garrison commander Colonel William Lamb began gathering every soldier in the fort, including sick and wounded men from the hospital, for a last-ditch counterattack. Just as he was about to order a charge, he was severely wounded. As shells plunged in from the sea Ames struggled with a disorganised attacking force. Several of his regimental leaders and all of his brigade commanders had been either killed or wounded. The battle raged until long after darkness fell. At about 9 pm, Terry sent forward Colonel Joseph Carter Abbot’s brigade (2/1/XXIV) from reserve to reinforce the attack, and he joined Ames in the interior of the fortress.
Meanwhile, at Fort Fisher’s hospital, Lamb turned over command of the fort to Major James Reilly. Whiting sent a last plea by courier to Bragg to send reinforcements. Still believing the situation in Fort Fisher was under control, and tired of Whiting’s incessant demands for reinforcements, Bragg dispatched Brigadier-General Alfred Holt Colquitt to relieve Whiting and assume command. Colquitt moved his brigade of about 1,000 troops from his lines further up the peninsula in an attempt to reinforce Fort Fisher by boat. Colquitt’s South Carolinians were met with a storm of Union naval gunfire. Only 350 to 400 men were able to land from their steamer and make it into the defences, while the others were forced to turn back. At about 9.30 pm, Colquitt landed the survivors at the southern base of the fort just as Lamb, Whiting, and other Confederate wounded were being evacuated to Battery Buchanan.
By this time, the Confederate hold on Fort Fisher was obviously unsustainable. The seaward batteries had been silenced, almost all the north wall had been captured, and Ames had fortified a bastion within the interior. Terry resolved to finish the battle that night. Ames organised a new flanking manoeuvre, sending some of his men to advance outside the land wall, coming up behind the Confederate defenders in the last traverse. Within a few minutes, the Confederate defeat was inevitable. Colquitt and his staff rushed back to their rowboats just moments before Abbott’s men seized the wharf. The surviving senior officer in the fort, Major James Reilly, held up a white flag and walked into the Union lines to announce the fort was ready to surrender. Just before 10 pm, Terry rode to Battery Buchanan and received the official surrender of the fort from Whiting and Reilly.
The loss of Fort Fisher sealed the fate of the Confederacy’s last remaining seaport at Wilmington, cutting it off from overseas supplies. Most of the specialist military supplies which the Confederate armies needed had been passing through Wilmington as no other significant seaports remained in Confederate hands. The Union victors claimed 2,093 prisoners including Major-General William Henry Chase Whiting, who was mortally wounded. On the Union side, there were 955 casualties (184 men killed, 749 wounded, and 22 men missing) among the 8,000 army troops engaged. A further 386 Union naval personnel were casualties, over 300 of them in the landing party of 2,000 men of the fleet. Lieutenant Benjamin H Porter USN, commanding officer of the flagship USS Malvern, was killed. Terry was soon awarded a promotion to Major-General in the US Volunteers and Brigadier-General in the US Regular Army to rank from his capture of Fort Fisher. (CWSAC Decisive Battle Union Victory)

South Carolina. Evacuation of Charleston Harbour.

South Carolina. The Union fleet in Charleston harbour of Rear Admiral John Adolphus Bernard Dahlgren prepared a demonstration to draw attention from Major-General William Tecumseh Sherman’s northward march. Before making the demonstration, the Union monitors tried to locate and mark the obstructions in the channel of Charleston harbour. During the evening USS Patapsco, Lieutenant-Commander Stephen P Quackenbush, struck a torpedo near the entrance of the lower harbour and sank instantly with the loss of 64 officers and men, more than half her crew. The objective of the demonstration was then diverted to Bull’s Bay, a few miles northeast of Charleston. The USS Patapsco was the second monitor lost in the war to enemy torpedoes. From that point onwards only, small boats and tugs were used in the search for obstructions in order to preserve the larger warships.

Tennessee. Elements of the Union XXIII Corps of Major-General John McAllister Schofield embarked on transports at Clifton, The Corps was to be transferred by water to Cincinnati, Ohio, and then by rail to Washington, DC.

Tennessee. Reconnaissance to Greenland Gap ended.

West Virginia. Reconnaissance to Franklin ended.

Union Organisation

USA: The Army of the Ohio was transferred from the Department of the Ohio and subordinated directly to the Military Division of the Mississippi.
USA: Major-General John McAllister Schofield retained command of the Army of the Ohio.

USA: XXIII Corps (Ohio) transferred with the Army of the Ohio to the Military Division of the Mississippi.
USA: Major-General John McAllister Schofield retained command of XXIII Corps (Ohio).

USA: Major-General John Gibbon assumed command of XXIV Corps (James), succeeding Brigadier-General Charles Devens.

USA: Alfred Howe Terry promoted Brigadier-General USA 20 January 1865 to rank from 15 January 1865.

USA: Alfred Howe Terry promoted Major-General USV 20 April 1865 to rank from 15 January 1865

USA: John White Geary confirmed Major-General USV 15 January 1865 to rank from 12 January 1865.

USA: Newton Martin Curtis promoted Brigadier-General USV 15 January 1865.

Commander in Chief: President Abraham Lincoln
Vice-President: Hannibal Hamlin
Secretary of War: Edwin McMasters Stanton
Secretary of the Navy: Gideon Welles

North Atlantic Blockading Squadron: David Dixon Porter
South Atlantic Blockading Squadron: John Adolphus Bernard Dahlgren
West Gulf Blockading Squadron: James Shedden Palmer
East Gulf Blockading Squadron: Cornelius Kinchiloe Stribling
Pacific Squadron: George Frederick Pearson
Mississippi River Squadron: Samuel Phillips Lee
Potomac Flotilla: Foxhall Alexander Parker

General–in-Chief: Ulysses Simpson Grant

Military Division of the Mississippi: William Tecumseh Sherman

Department of the Cumberland: George Henry Thomas
- District of Tennessee: Lovell Harrison Rousseau
- District of Northern Alabama: Robert Seaman Granger
- District of Etowah: James Blair Steedman
- Army of the Cumberland: George Henry Thomas
  - IV Corps Cumberland: Thomas John Wood temporary
Department of the Ohio: George Stoneman temporary
- District of East Tennessee: vacant
- District of Kentucky: Stephen Gano Burbridge
Department of the Mississippi: Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana
- District of West Tennessee: James Clifford Veatch
- District of Vicksburg: Cadwallader Colden Washburn
- District of Natchez: John Wynn Davidson
Army of the Tennessee: Oliver Otis Howard
- XV Corps Tennessee: John Alexander Logan
- Detachment Army of the Tennessee (XVI Corps) Andrew Jackson Smith
- XVII Corps Tennessee: Francis Preston Blair
Army of Georgia: Henry Warner Slocum
- XIV Corps Georgia: Jefferson Columbus Davis
- XX Corps Georgia: Alpheus Starkey Williams
Army of the Ohio: John McAllister Schofield
- XXIII Corps Ohio: John McAllister Schofield
Cavalry Corps Mississippi: James Harrison Wilson

Military Division of West Mississippi: Edward Richard Sprigg Canby

Department of Arkansas: Joseph Jones Reynolds
- District of Eastern Arkansas: Napoleon Bonaparte Buford
- District of Little Rock: Eugene Asa Carr
- District of the Frontier: John Milton Thayer
- Army of Arkansas: Joseph Jones Reynolds
  - VII Corps Arkansas: Joseph Jones Reynolds
Department of the Gulf: Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
- District of Baton Rouge and Port Hudson: George Leonard Andrews
  - Sub-District of Baton Rouge: Joseph Bailey
  - Sub-District of Port Hudson: Charles Wilson Drew
- District of La Fourche: Robert Alexander Cameron
- District of Morganza: Daniel Ullmann
- District of Carrollton: Nelson Viall
- District of West Florida and South Alabama: Gordon Granger
  - Sub-District of West Florida: Thomas Jefferson McKean
- District of Key West and Tortugas: John Newton
- Defences of New Orleans: Thomas West Sherman
- Army of the Gulf: Stephen Augustus Hurlbut temporary
  - Reserve Corps Gulf: Gordon Granger
Department of the Missouri: Grenville Mellen Dodge
- District of St Louis: George Day Wagner
- District of Southwest Missouri: John Benjamin Sanborn
- District of North Missouri: Clinton Bowen Fisk
- District of Central Missouri: John Finis Philips
- District of Rolla: Egbert Benson Brown

Middle Military Division: Philip Henry Sheridan

Middle Department: Lewis Wallace
- District of Delaware: Samuel M Bowman
- District of the Eastern Shore of Maryland: John Reese Kenly
- VIII Corps Middle: Lewis Wallace
Department of Pennsylvania: George Cadwalader
- District of Philadelphia: Orris Sanford Ferry
- District of the Monongahela: Greenlief P Davis
- Juniata District: Charles Hale Morgan
Department of Washington: Christopher Columbus Augur
- District of St Mary’s: James Barnes
- District of Alexandria: John Potts Slough
- District of Washington: Moses N Wisewell
- XXII Corps Washington: Christopher Columbus Augur
Department of Western Virginia: George Crook
- District of Harper’s Ferry: John Dunlap Stevenson
Army of the Shenandoah: Philip Henry Sheridan
- XIX Corps Shenandoah: William Hemsley Emory
- Cavalry Corps Shenandoah: Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbert

Department of the East: John Adams Dix

District of Northern New York: John Cleveland Robinson

Department of Kansas: George Sykes

District of Nebraska Territory: Robert Byington Mitchell
District of North Kansas: Thomas Alfred Davies
District of South Kansas: James Gilpatrick Blunt
District of the Upper Arkansas: James Hobart Ford
District of the Border: William Russell Judson
District of Colorado Territory: Thomas Moonlight

Department of New Mexico: James Henry Carleton

Northern Department: Joseph Hooker

District of Illinois: John Cook
District of Indiana: Alvin Peterson Hovey
District of Michigan: Bennett Hoskin Hill

Department of the Northwest: John Pope

District of Minnesota: Henry Hastings Sibley
District of Wisconsin: Thomas Church Haskell Smith

Department of the Pacific: Irvin McDowell

District of California: George Wright
District of the Humboldt: Stephen Girard Whipple
District of Oregon: Benjamin Alvord
District of Southern California: James Freeman Curtis
District of Utah: Patrick Edward Connor

Department of the Potomac: George Gordon Meade

Army of the Potomac: George Gordon Meade
- II Corps Potomac: Andrew Atkinson Humphreys
- V Corps Potomac: Samuel Wylie Crawford temporary
- VI Corps Potomac: Horatio Gouverneur Wright
- IX Corps Potomac: John Grubb Parke
- Cavalry Corps Potomac: David McMurtrie Gregg

Department of the South: John Gray Foster

Northern District (South): Alexander Schimmelfenning
District of Beaufort (SC): Rufus Saxton
District of Hilton Head: Philip Perry Brown
District of Florida: Eliakim Parker Scammon

Department of Virginia and North Carolina: Benjamin Franklin Butler

District of Eastern Virginia: George Foster Shepley
District of Currituck: Samuel Henry Roberts
Sub-District of Beaufort NC: James Stewart
Sub-District of New Bern: Edward Harland
Terry’s Provisional Corps Virginia and North Carolina: Alfred Howe Terry
Army of the James: Edward Otho Cresap Ord
- XXIV Corps James: John Gibbon
- XXV Corps James: Charles Adam Heckman

Confederate Organisation

CSA: The Third District of the Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia surrendered.

CSA: The District of West Tennessee was discontinued and its area was incorporated into the District of Mississippi and Eastern Louisiana in the Department of Alabama, Mississippi and Eastern Louisiana.

CSA: Major-General William Thompson Martin assumed command of the District of Mississippi and East Louisiana, succeeding Major-General Franklin Gardner.

CSA: Major-General William Henry Chase Whiting was mortally wounded at Fort Fisher, North Carolina.

Commander in Chief: President Jefferson Finis Davis
Vice-President: Alexander Hamilton Stephens
Secretary of War: James Alexander Seddon
Secretary of the Navy: Stephen Russell Mallory

Military Adviser to the President: Braxton Bragg

Department of Alabama, Mississippi and Eastern Louisiana: Richard Taylor

District of Mississippi and East Louisiana: William Thompson Martin
- Sub-District of Southwest Mississippi: George Baird Hodge
- Sub-District of Northern Mississippi: William Wirt Adams
Gulf District: Dabney Herndon Maury
District of Central Alabama: Daniel Weisiger Adams
District of Northern Alabama: Philip Dale Roddey

Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: Braxton Bragg

First District of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: Henry Alexander Wise
Second District of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: Laurence Simmons Baker

Department of Northern Virginia: Robert Edward Lee

Army of Northern Virginia: Robert Edward Lee
- I Corps Northern Virginia: James Longstreet
- II Corps Northern Virginia: John Brown Gordon
- III Corps Northern Virginia: Ambrose Powell Hill
- IV Corps Northern Virginia: Richard Heron Anderson
- Cavalry Northern Virginia: Wade Hampton
Valley District: Jubal Anderson Early

Department of Richmond: Richard Stoddert Ewell

Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida: William Joseph Hardee

District of Georgia: Thomas Howell Cobb
District of South Carolina: Samuel Jones
- 1^st Sub-District of South Carolina: James Heyward Trapier
- 2^nd Sub-District of South Carolina: Robert Ransom
- 3^rd Sub-District of South Carolina: William Booth Taliaferro
- 5^th Sub-District of South Carolina: Lafayette McLaws
District of Florida: William Miller interim Samuel Jones awaited

Department of Tennessee and Georgia: John Bell Hood

District of Western North Carolina: James Green Martin
Army of Tennessee: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard temporary
- I Corps Tennessee: Benjamin Franklin Cheatham
- II Corps Tennessee: Carter Littlepage Stevenson temporary
- III Corps Tennessee: Alexander Peter Stewart temporary
- Cavalry Corps Tennessee: Nathan Bedford Forrest temporary

Department of East Tennessee and West Virginia: John Cabell Breckinridge

Department of Western Kentucky: Hylan Benton Lyon

Trans-Mississippi Department: Edmund Kirby Smith

District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: John George Walker
- Western Sub-District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: James Edwin Slaughter
  - Sub-District of the Rio Grande: Hamilton Prioleau Bee
- Eastern Sub-District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: William Steele
- Sub-District of Houston: Xavier Blanchard Debray
- Northern Sub-District Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: Henry Eustace McCullough
District of Arkansas: John Bankhead Magruder
District of West Louisiana: Simon Bolivar Buckner
District of Indian Territory: Douglas Hancock Cooper
Trans-Mississippi Army: Edmund Kirby Smith
- I Corps Trans-Mississippi: Simon Bolivar Buckner
- II Corps Trans-Mississippi: John Bankhead Magruder
- III Corps Trans-Mississippi: John George Walker
- Cavalry Corps Trans-Mississippi: Sterling Price
- Reserve Corps Trans-Mississippi: Thomas Pleasant Dockery

Reserve Forces of Alabama: Jones Mitchell Withers
Reserve Forces of Florida: William Miller
Reserve Forces of Georgia: Thomas Howell Cobb
Reserve Forces of Mississippi: William Lindsay Brandon
Reserve Forces of North Carolina: Theophilus Hunter Holmes
Reserve Forces of South Carolina: James Chesnut
Reserve Forces of Tennessee: John Cabell Breckinridge
Reserve Forces of Virginia: James Lawson Kemper

Union Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

Lieutenant-General USA

Ulysses Simpson Grant

Major-General USA

Asterisk indicates concurrently Major-General USV

Henry Wager Halleck
William Tecumseh Sherman
George Gordon Meade
Philp Henry Sheridan
George Henry Thomas*

Major-General USV

Asterisk indicates concurrently Brigadier-General USA or double-asterisk Major-General USA

John Adams Dix
Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Benjamin Franklin Butler
David Hunter
Ethan Allen Hitchcock
Irvin McDowell*
Ambrose Everett Burnside
William Starke Rosecrans*
John Pope*
Samuel Ryan Curtis
Franz Sigel
Lewis Wallace
George Henry Thomas**
George Cadwalader
Edward Otho Cresap Ord
Samuel Peter Heintzelman
Joseph Hooker*
Silas Casey
William Buel Franklin
Darius Nash Couch
Henry Warner Slocum
John James Peck
Alexander McDowell McCook
John Gray Foster
John Grubb Parke
Christopher Columbus Augur
Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
Gordon Granger
Lovell Harrison Rousseau
George Stoneman
Oliver Otis Howard*
Daniel Edgar Sickles
Robert Huston Milroy
Daniel Butterfield
Winfield Scott Hancock*
George Sykes
David Sloane Stanley
James Scott Negley
John McAllister Schofield*
John McAuley Palmer
Frederick Steele
Abner Doubleday
Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana
John Alexander Logan
James Gilpatrick Blunt
George Lucas Hartsuff
Cadwallader Colden Washburn
Francis Jay Herron
Francis Preston Blair
Joseph Jones Reynolds
Julius Stahel
Carl Schurz
Gouverneur Kemble Warren
Alfred Pleasonton
Andrew Atkinson Humphreys
Quincy Adams Gillmore
William Farrar Smith
James Blair Steedman
Edward Richard Sprigg Canby
Horatio Gouverneur Wright
Andrew Jackson Smith
Grenville Mellen Dodge
John Gibbon
Peter Joseph Osterhaus
Joseph Antony Mower
George Crook
Godfrey Weitzel
Jacob Dolson Cox
William Babcock Hazen
John White Geary
Alfred Howe Terry*

Brigadier-General USA

Brackets indicates concurrently Major-General USV

(Irvin McDowell)
(William Starke Rosecrans)
Philip St George Cooke
(John Pope)
(Joseph Hooker)
(Winfield Scott Hancock)
(John McAllister Schofield)
(Oliver Otis Howard)
(Alfred Howe Terry)

Brigadier-General USV

Thomas West Sherman
Benjamin Franklin Kelley
Alpheus Starkey Williams
James Brewerton Ricketts
Orlando Bolivar Willcox
Henry Hayes Lockwood
Samuel Davis Sturgis
Henry Washington Benham
William Farquhar Barry
Lawrence Pike Graham
Eleazar Arthur Paine
William Thomas Ward
John Gross Barnard
Innis Newton Palmer
Seth Williams
John Newton
George Wright
John Milton Brannan
John Porter Hatch
Albin Francisco Schoepf
Thomas John Wood
Richard W Johnson
Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich Von Steinwehr
George Washington Cullum
Thomas Jefferson McKean
Zealous Bates Tower
Jefferson Columbus Davis
James Henry Lane
William Scott Ketchum
John Wynn Davidson
Eugene Asa Carr
Thomas Alfred Davies
William Hemsley Emory
Marsena Rudolph Patrick
Orris Sanford Ferry
Henry Moses Judah
John Cook
John McArthur
Jacob Gartner Lauman
Horatio Phillips Van Cleve
Speed Smith Fry
Alexander Asboth
Robert Byington Mitchell
Cuvier Grover
Rufus Saxton
Benjamin Alvord
Napoleon Bonaparte Buford
Nathan Kimball
Charles Devens
Samuel Wylie Crawford
Henry Walton Wessells
James Henry Carleton
Absalom Baird
John Cleveland Robinson
Truman Seymour
Henry Prince
Maximilian Weber
Jeremiah Cutler Sullivan
Alvin Peterson Hovey
James Clifford Veatch
William Plummer Benton
John Curtis Caldwell
George Sears Greene
Samuel Powhatan Carter
Erastus Barnard Tyler
Charles Griffin
George Henry Gordon
Stephen Gano Burbridge
Washington Lafayette Elliott
Albion Parris Howe
Benjamin Stone Roberts
Fitz-Henry Warren
Morgan Lewis Smith
Charles Cruft
Frederick Salomon
Henry Shaw Briggs
James Dada Morgan
Johann August Ernst Willich
Henry Dwight Terry
George Foster Shepley
John Reese Kenly
John Potts Slough
Gershom Mott
Henry Jackson Hunt
Francis Channing Barlow
Mason Brayman
Nathaniel James Jackson
George Washington Getty
Alfred Sully
William Woods Averell
Francis Barretto Spinola
Solomon Meredith
Eliakim Parker Scammon
Robert Seaman Granger
Joseph Rodman West
George Leonard Andrews
Clinton Bowen Fisk
William Hays
Israel Vogdes
Lewis Cass Hunt
Frank Wheaton
John Sanford Mason
David McMurtrie Gregg
Robert Ogden Tyler
Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbert
Gilman Marston
William Dwight
Sullivan Amory Meredith
Nathaniel Collins McLean
William Vandever
Alexander Schimmelfennig
Charles Kinnaird Graham
John Eugene Smith
Joseph Tarr Copeland
Charles Adam Heckman
Edward Elmer Potter
Henry Beebee Carrington
John Haskell King
Adam Jacoby Slemmer
Thomas Hewson Neill
Thomas Gamble Pitcher
Thomas William Sweeny
William Passmore Carlin
Romeyn Beck Ayres
Richard Arnold
Edward Winslow Hinks
Michael Kelly Lawler
George Day Wagner
Lysander Cutler
Joseph Farmer Knipe
John Dunlap Stevenson
James Barnes
Edward Harland
Samuel Beatty
Franklin Stillman Nickerson
Edward Henry Hobson
Joseph Dana Webster
William Harrow
William Hopkins Morris
Thomas Howard Ruger
Elias Smith Dennis
Thomas Church Haskell Smith
Mortimer Dormer Leggett
Davis Tillson
Albert Lindley Lee
Marcellus Monroe Crocker
Egbert Benson Brown
John McNeil
George Francis McGinnis
Hugh Boyle Ewing
James Winning McMillan
Daniel Ullmann
George Jerrison Stannard
Henry Baxter
John Milton Thayer
Charles Thomas Campbell
Halbert Eleazer Paine
Robert Brown Potter
Thomas Ewing
Joseph Andrew Jackson Lightburn
Henry Hastings Sibley
Joseph Bradford Carr
Joseph Jackson Bartlett
Patrick Edward Connor
John Parker Hawkins
Gabriel René Paul
Edward Augustus Wild
Adelbert Ames
William Birney
Daniel Henry Rucker
Robert Allen
Rufus Ingalls
Alexander Shaler
Benjamin Henry Grierson
Robert Sanford Foster
Hugh Judson Kilpatrick
Alexander Stewart Webb
Alfred Napoleon Alexander Duffié
Walter Chiles Whitaker
Wesley Merritt
George Armstrong Custer
William Denison Whipple
John Converse Starkweather
Kenner Garrard
Charles Robert Woods
John Benjamin Sanborn
Giles Alexander Smith
Jasper Adalmorn Maltby
Thomas Kilby Smith
Walter Quintin Gresham
Manning Ferguson Force
Robert Alexander Cameron
John Murray Corse
John Aaron Rawlins
Alvan Cullem Gillem
John Wesley Turner
Henry Eugene Davies
Andrew Jackson Hamilton
Henry Warner Birge
James Hewitt Ledlie
James Harrison Wilson
Adin Ballou Underwood
Augustus Louis Chetlain
Thomas Francis Meagher
William Anderson Pile
John Wallace Fuller
John Franklin Miller
Philippe Régis Dénis de Keredern De Trobriand
Cyrus Bussey
Christopher Columbus Andrews
Edward Moody McCook
Lewis Addison Grant
Edward Hatch
August Valentine Kautz
Francis Fessenden
John Rutter Brooke
John Frederick Hartranft
Samuel Sprigg Carroll
Simon Goodell Griffin
Emory Upton
Nelson Appleton Miles
Joseph Hayes
Byron Root Pierce
Selden Connor
Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
Elliott Warren Rice
William Francis Bartlett
Edward Stuyvesant Bragg
Martin Davis Hardin
Charles Jackson Paine
Gustavus Adolphus De Russy
John Baillie McIntosh
George Henry Chapman
William Grose
Joseph Alexander Cooper
John Thomas Croxton
John Wilson Sprague
James William Reilly
Luther Prentice Bradley
Charles Carroll Walcutt
William Worth Belknap
Powell Clayton
Joseph Abel Haskin
James Deering Fessenden
Eli Long
Thomas Wilberforce Egan
Joseph Roswell Hawley
William Henry Seward
Isaac Hardin Duval
John Edwards
Thomas Alfred Smyth
Ferdinand Van Derveer
Thomas Casimer Devin
Alfred Gibbs
Ranald Slidell Mackenzie
Rutherford Birchard Hayes
James Richard Slack
Thomas John Lucas
Edmund Jackson Davis
Joseph Bailey
George Lafayette Beal
Henry Goddard Thomas
Cyrus Hamlin
Patrick Henry Jones
John Morrison Oliver
Robert Kingston Scott
James Sidney Robinson
Benjamin Franklin Potts
John Grant Mitchell
James Alexander Williamson
Newton Martin Curtis

Brigadier-General USA (Staff)

Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (Quartermaster-General)
Lorenzo Thomas
George Douglas Ramsay
James Barnet Fry (Provost Marshal)
Richard Delafield (Engineers)
Joseph Holt (Judge Advocate-General)
Amos Beebe Eaton (Commissary-General of Subsistence)
Joseph K Barnes (Surgeon-General)
Alexander Brydie Dyer (Ordnance)

Confederate Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

General ACSA/PACS

Samuel Cooper
Robert Edward Lee
Joseph Eggleston Johnston
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
Braxton Bragg
Edmund Kirby Smith
John Bell Hood

Lieutenant-General PACS

James Longstreet
Theophilus Hunter Holmes
William Joseph Hardee
Richard Stoddert Ewell
Ambrose Powell Hill
Richard Taylor
Jubal Anderson Early
Richard Heron Anderson
Alexander Peter Stewart
Stephen Dill Lee
Simon Bolivar Buckner

Major-General PACS

Benjamin Huger
John Bankhead Magruder
Mansfield Lovell
William Wing Loring
Sterling Price
Benjamin Franklin Cheatham
Samuel Jones
John Porter McCown
Daniel Harvey Hill
Thomas Carmichael Hindman
John Cabell Breckinridge
Lafayette McLaws
Samuel Gibbs French
George Edward Pickett
Carter Littlepage Stevenson
John Horace Forney
Dabney Herndon Maury
Martin Luther Smith
John George Walker
Arnold Elzey
Franklin Gardner
Isaac Ridgeway Trimble
Joseph Wheeler
Edward Johnson
William Henry Chase Whiting
Henry Heth
Robert Ransom
Jones Mitchell Withers
Cadmus Marcellus Wilcox
Wade Hampton
Fitzhugh Lee
Howell Cobb
John Austin Wharton
William Thompson Martin
Nathan Bedford Forrest
Charles William Field
James Patton Anderson
William Brimage Bate
Camille Armand Jules Marie de Polignac
Robert Frederick Hoke
William Henry Fitzhugh Lee
James Fleming Fagan
John Brown Gordon
Joseph Brevard Kershaw
Bushrod Rust Johnson
Edward Cary Walthall
Henry Delamar Clayton
William Mahone
John Calvin Brown
Lunsford Lindsay Lomax
James Lawson Kemper
Matthew Calbraith Butler
George Washington Custis Lee
Thomas Lafayette Rosser
Ambrose Ransom Wright
Pierce Manning Butler Young

Brigadier-General PACS

Alexander Robert Lawton
Henry Alexander Wise
Henry Hopkins Sibley
John Henry Winder
Gideon Johnson Pillow
Daniel Ruggles
Roswell Sabine Ripley
Paul Octave Hébert
Albert Gallatin Blanchard
Gabriel James Rains
Thomas Fenwick Drayton
Nathan George Evans
James Heyward Trapier
Hugh Weedon Mercer
William Montgomery Gardner
Raleigh Edward Colston
John King Jackson
James Ronald Chalmers
Daniel Leadbetter
William Whann Mackall
Winfield Scott Featherston
Thomas James Churchill
William Booth Taliaferro
Albert Rust
Samuel Bell Maxey
Hamilton Prioleau Bee
James Morrison Hawes
George Hume Steuart
James Edwin Slaughter
Seth Maxwell Barton
Henry Eustace McCullough
John Selden Roane
William Nelson Pendleton
Joseph Finegan
William Nelson Rector Beall
Thomas Jordan
William Preston
John Echols
George Earl Maney
John Stuart Williams
James Green Martin
Thomas Lanier Clingman
Daniel Weisiger Adams
Louis Hébert
Beverley Holcombe Robertson
St John Richardson Liddell
Johnson Hagood
Harry Thompson Hays
Matthew Duncan Ector
Edward Aylesworth Perry
Alfred Holt Colquitt
Abraham Buford
William Steele
Francis Asbury Shoup
Joseph Robert Davis
John Crawford Vaughn
Evander McIvor Law
Elkanah Brackin Greer
Francis Redding Tillou Nicholls
Alfred Cumming
William Stephen Walker
Montgomery Dent Corse
George Thomas Anderson
Alfred Iverson
James Henry Lane
Edward Lloyd Thomas
John Rogers Cooke
Jerome Bonaparte Robertson
Evander McNair
William Robertson Boggs
James Camp Tappan
Mosby Monroe Parsons
John Pegram
John Sappington Marmaduke
Marcus Joseph Wright
Zachariah Cantey Deas
William Hicks Jackson
James Cantey
Henry Lewis Benning
William Tatum Wofford
Samuel McGowan
Marcellus Augustus Stovall
George Blake Cosby
Francis Crawford Armstrong
William Lewis Cabell
John Daniel Imboden
Alfred Eugene Jackson
Robert Brank Vance
Arthur Middleton Manigault
Douglas Hancock Cooper
John Wilkins Whitfield
James Alexander Walker
Matthew Whitaker Ransom
Alfred Moore Scales
Henry Harrison Walker
Gabriel Colvin Wharton
Francis Marion Cockrell
James Patrick Major
Samuel Wragg Ferguson
Laurence Simmons Baker
Philip Dale Roddey
Eppa Hunton
Thomas Pleasant Dockery
Benjamin Grubb Humphreys
Henry Brevard Davidson
Cullen Andrews Battle
William Andrew Quarles
William Whedbee Kirkland
Robert Daniel Johnston
Alexander Welch Reynolds
Thomas Neville Waul
Edmund Winston Pettus
Armistead Lindsay Long
Henry Rootes Jackson
William Wirt Adams
James Argyle Smith
Joseph Horace Lewis
Mark Perrin Lowrey
Edward Higgins
John Tyler Morgan
William Young Conn Humes
Jesse Johnson Finley
James Holt Clanton
Alfred Jefferson Vaughan
Joseph Orville Shelby
Lawrence Sullivan Ross
Daniel Chevilette Govan
Randall Lee Gibson
Nathaniel Harrison Harris
Allen Thomas
Alexander Travis Hawthorn
Robert Charles Tyler
Edward Porter Alexander
William Wirt Allen
Claudius Wistar Sears
William Feimster Tucker
Richard Lucian Page
Alpheus Baker
Daniel Harris Reynolds
James Chesnut
Stand Watie
Samuel Jameson Gholson
John Bratton
Thomas Moore Scott
John McCausland
Clement Anselm Evans
William Terry
Bryan Grimes
Martin Witherspoon Gary
Birkett Davenport Fry
Stephen Elliott
William Ruffin Cox
William Gaston Lewis
Zebulon York
Robert Doak Lilley
William Richard Terry
James Conner
Rufus Clay Barringer
John Smith Preston
Hylan Benton Lyon
William Lindsay Brandon
Bradley Tyler Johnson
James Thadeus Holtzclaw
William Felix Brantley
Robert Houston Anderson
Jacob Hunter Sharp
George Doherty Johnston
George Gibbs Dibrell
Thomas Benton Smith
David Addison Weisiger
William Miller
Philip Cook
William Hugh Young
George Washington Gordon
Lucius Jeremiah Gartrell
Walter Husted Stevens
Basil Wilson Duke
Charles Miller Shelley
Patrick Theodore Moore
Edwin Gray Lee
William Henry Wallace
Gilbert Moxley Sorrel
William Henry Fitzhugh Payne
Peter Burwell Starke
William MacRae
Samuel Read Anderson
Josiah Gorgas
Joseph Benjamin Palmer
Dudley McIver Dubose
Robert Bullock
Benjamin Jefferson Hill
James Phillip Simms
William Lowther Jackson
James Edward Harrison
John Doby Kennedy
Richard Lee Turberville Beale
Thomas Harrison
Richard Waterhouse