August 5 1864 Friday
Battle of Mobile Bay, AL (CWSAC Decisive Battle Union Victory)
Fort Powell and Fort Gaines, AL
Utoy Creek, GA
Siege of Atlanta – Utoy Creek
Siege of Petersburg
Mobile Bay Operations- Siege of Fort Gaines
USA. Radical Republican members of the US Congress opened their electoral campaign against US President Abraham Lincoln. Representative Henry W Davis of Maryland and Senator Benjamin Wade of Ohio published in the New York Tribune what became known as the Wade-Davis Manifesto, denouncing Lincoln’s veto of the First Congressional Plan of Reconstruction.
Fort Powell, Alabama, and Fort Gaines. Union Major-General Edward Richard Sprigg Canby planned a land attack to coincide with the naval operations in Mobile Bay. He calculated that 5,000 soldiers would suffice to land behind Fort Morgan and cut its communications with Mobile. When Lieutenant-General Ulysses Simpson Grant made an urgent call for troops to be sent to the Virginia theatre, Canby decided that he could actually employ no more than 2,000 men for the operations against the Mobile bay forts. This was an insufficient number to invest the largest forts but was enough to take Dauphin Island and thereby secure contact between the fleet inside the bay and their supporting fleet in the Gulf. Union Major-General Gordon Granger closed in on Fort Powell from the west with 2,000 men drawn from XIII Corps and XIX Corps. They began to bombard the defences and were then supported by the heavy guns of the ironclad USS Chickasaw. Confederate commander Lieutenant-Colonel James M Williams was convinced that resistance was futile at Fort Powell. He spiked the guns and blew up the magazines, and the garrison of 140 men evacuated the fort. They waded to the mainland and reached Mobile during the night. Anderson still held out at Fort Gaines and his post became the next objective of the besieging forces.
ORDER OF BATTLE: FORT POWELL, AL
Union Military Division of West Mississippi: Major-General Edward Richard Sprigg Canby
Department of the Gulf: Major-General Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Army of the Gulf: Major-General Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Reserve Corps (Gulf): Major-General Gordon Granger
Detachment, Army of the Gulf: Major-General Gordon Granger
2nd Brigade, 2nd Division, XIX Corps (Gulf): Colonel Henry Bertram
3rd Brigade, 2nd Division, XIX Corps (Gulf): Colonel Joshua J Guppey
3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, XIX Corps (Gulf): Colonel George W Clark
Engineer Brigade, XIX Corps (Gulf): Colonel Joseph Bailey
Artillery, XIX Corps (Gulf): Brigadier-General Richard Arnold
Confederate Department of Alabama and East Mississippi: Major-General Dabney Herndon Maury
District of the Gulf: Major-General Franklin Gardner
Fort Morgan: Brigadier-General Richard Lucian Page
Fort Gaines: Colonel Charles D Anderson
Fort Powell: Lieutenant-Colonel James M Williams
Mobile Bay, Alabama, also known as Fort Morgan. Although the orders given to Union Rear Admiral David Glasgow Farragut when he was assigned to command the West Gulf Blockading Squadron included instructions to capture Mobile as well as New Orleans, the diversion of the squadron into the campaign for the lower Mississippi in 1862 and 1863 meant that the city and its harbour did not receive close attention until after the fall of Vicksburg in July 1863.
Mobile is situated near the head of Mobile Bay, a natural harbour formed where the Mobile and Tensaw rivers meet before they enter the Gulf of Mexico. The bay is about 33 miles long and the lower bay is about 23 miles across at its greatest width. It is deep enough to accommodate ocean-going vessels in the lower half without dredging, but above the mouth of Dog River, the water becomes shoal, preventing deep-draft vessels from approaching the city. The mouth of the bay is marked on the east by a long narrow peninsula of sand, Mobile Point separating Bon Secour Bay where the Bon Secour River enters the larger bay, from the Gulf. The land ends at the main channel into Mobile Bay where the US government had erected Fort Morgan in 1834, a masonry fort intended to shield Mobile from enemy fleets. Across the entrance, the line of the peninsula is continued in a series of barrier islands, beginning with Dauphin Island. Northwest of Dauphin Island is Little Dauphin Island, then a series of minor islands that are interrupted by a secondary entrance to the bay, Grant’s Pass. A few other small islands and shoals lie to the south of Dauphin Island, defining the main channel for as much as ten miles south of the entrance.
Following the loss of New Orleans in April 1862, the Confederates decided that Mobile was the only major port on the Gulf coast east of the Mississippi that could be properly defended. The city subsequently became the centre for blockade running on the Gulf of Mexico. Most of the trade between the Confederacy and Havana and other Caribbean ports passed through Mobile. A few attempts were mounted to break the Union naval blockade, but they could not make a lasting impact.
The Confederates improved the defences of Mobile Bay by strengthening Fort Morgan, the original coastal fortification. The fort mounted 46 guns, of which 11 were rifled. Its garrison numbered about 600 men. In addition, they set up two new but smaller forts. The first was Fort Gaines on Dauphin Island, across the main channel opposite Fort Morgan with 26 guns and a garrison of about 600 men commanded by Colonel Charles D Anderson. The second was Fort Powell, a smaller work that guarded the Grant’s Pass channel with 18 guns and about 140 men. It was commanded by Lieutenant-Colonel James M Williams. All three forts were flawed in that their guns were unprotected against fire from the rear, and both Fort Powell and Fort Gaines lacked adequate traverses. Grant’s Pass was also obstructed by piles and other impediments, which had the effect of diverting the tidal flow into Heron Pass.
The Confederate Torpedo Bureau, directed by Major-General Gabriel James Rains, contributed an innovative weapon to the defence. Men of the bureau had planted 67 “torpedoes” (or naval mines) across the entrance, leaving a gap on the eastern side of the channel so blockade runners and other friendly vessels could enter or leave the harbour. The minefield was well marked by buoys and its purpose was not necessarily to sink enemy vessels trying to enter, but rather to force them to steer closer to Fort Morgan and its guns.
The Confederate defence of Mobile and Mobile Bay was led by Major-General Dabney Herndon Maury but he did not exercise immediate command of the forts at the entrance to the bay, and he was not present during the battle and ensuing siege. Command of the local area was entrusted to Brigadier-General Richard Lucian Page.
The Confederate Navy stationed three small side-wheel gunboats of traditional type in the bay. These were CSS Selma, Lieutenant Peter U Murphey, carrying four guns, CSS Morgan, Commander George W Harrison, with six guns, and CSS Gaines, Lieutenant John W Bennett, also with six guns. In addition to these was the ironclad ram CSS Tennessee, which carried six guns and was the superior fighting machine by virtue of its iron armour. CSS Tennessee was the only armoured vessel in the lower Mobile Bay but there were plans for more to be built. Confederate Admiral Franklin Buchanan hoped vainly that he might launch as many as eight ironclad warships, including a pair of floating batteries, in order to break the Union blockade, attack the Navy Yard at Pensacola, and perhaps even recapture New Orleans. The manufacturing and transportation facilities of the South were incapable of this ambitious program. Part of the projected fleet was eventually completed in time to defend Mobile after the lower bay had been lost but they were not there when most needed. Nevertheless, their construction imparted some urgency to Union plans to maintain the blockade and capture the port. The four Confederate vessels available carried 22 guns compared to eighteen Union vessels with 199 guns.
Farragut commanded the Union fleet at Mobile Bay. The ships that made up the Union attacking fleet were of several distinct types, including some that had not even been imagined when the war began. Of the 18 vessels selected, eight were conventional wooden-hulled ships carrying large numbers of guns that fired in conventional broadsides. Four of these (flagship USS Hartford, USS Brooklyn, USS Richmond, and USS Oneida) had served with the West Gulf Blockading Squadron almost from the start of the war. Two smaller gunboats, USS Kennebec and USS Itasca, had likewise been active since the capture of New Orleans. The USS Galena had begun life as an experimental ironclad, but her armour had been found to be more of a hindrance than a help and was removed. Three vessels (USS Octorara, USS Metacomet, and USS Port Royal) were double-enders, a type of warship that had been developed during the war to navigate the tortuous channels of the interior rivers. Four ships were ironclad monitors of innovative design. Two of these, USS Manhattan and USS Tecumseh, were improved versions of the original USS Monitor, featuring two large guns in a single turret. USS Tecumseh had only just arrived with some repairs still incomplete from Pensacola, Florida. The other two ironclads, USS Chickasaw, Lieutenant-Commander George H Perkins, and USS Winnebago, were twin-turreted river monitors of lighter draft. Each mounted four lighter guns. Farragut’s 14 wooden-hulled vessels were lashed together in pairs, in a reprise of a tactic that he had used earlier at Port Hudson, Louisiana. The intention was that, if a ship were disabled by battle damage to her engines, the partner would be able to keep both vessels moving. The monitors would form the head of the column to lead the way into the bay. They would move in close to Fort Morgan, on the right side of the channel, as they went in. The other ships would form a separate double column and pass on the west side of the monitors so that the armoured ships could shield the wooden vessels from the guns of the fort. If and when the Confederate fleet made its expected appearance, the monitors would move to attack the ironclad CSS Tennessee, while the rest of the fleet tackled the enemy’s smaller and faster gunboats.
Farragut’s fleet steamed through the main channel into Mobile Bay at dawn with the main intention of sinking the CSS Tennessee and its supporting fleet. The Union fleet delayed its deployment at dawn because of fog but by sunrise at 5.30 a sea breeze cleared the air. Soon after 6 am, the conditions were nearly ideal for the attack. The tide was running in strongly, so Farragut had his ships reduce steam pressure in order to minimize damage if their boilers were to be hit, relying on the strong current to give them speed. The southwest breeze that sprang up would carry smoke from the guns away from the fleet, and into the faces of the artillerymen in Fort Morgan. The four ironclads USS Tecumseh, Commander Tunis A M Craven, USS Manhattan, USS Winnebago, and USS Chickasaw led the way in that order and approached Fort Morgan. The following column of wooden warships was led by Captain James Alden’s 2,000-ton 24-gun USS Brooklyn, which was lashed to USS Octorara. USS Brooklyn took the lead because she carried four bow-chaser guns that could fire forward, while the other large ships had only two. She was also fitted with a “cowcatcher” device for removing submerged mines. Following these two ships were Captain Percival Drayton’s USS Hartford and USS Metacomet, Lieutenant-Commander Jouett, then USS Richmond and USS Port Royal, USS Lackawanna and USS Seminole came next, then USS Monongahela and USS Kennebec, USS Ossipee and USS Itasca, and finally at the rear USS Oneida and USS Galena.
The Confederate warships were alerted at about 5. 45 am and made ready for the attack, moving into position to intercept the Union fleet just beyond the minefields. The Union ships began to cross the outer bar at 6.10 am just as the ironclad force turned north into the channel. At 6:47 am USS Tecumseh fired the first shot. Fort Morgan opened fire at 7.07 am and USS Brooklyn replied at 7.10 am. The ships in the Union second column, except for USS Brooklyn, could not fire on the Confederate ships so they had to concentrate on the fort. The rest of the fleet opened with bow guns at 7.15 am and then with broadside guns at 7.30 am.
Fort Gaines and Fort Morgan attempted to prevent the passage of the Union fleet but met with little success. The largest Confederate gun was a 10-inch Columbiad but its effect was more psychological than actual. Perhaps because the fire from the fort was suppressed, more damage was done to the Union fleet by the Confederate warships than by their shore-based artillery.
Buchanan’s Confederate squadron moved out to engage the attackers and the Union ironclad monitor USS Tecumseh moved past the fort and toward CSS Tennessee, apparently in obedience to orders to engage the strongest enemy ship. Commander Craven either disregarded or forgot the instruction to stay to the east of the minefield. He had only recently arrived and had not been present for the thorough briefings or observed the soundings of the channel that the other ships’ captains had witnessed. He believed the onshore passage was too narrow and ordered his pilot to steer to port and west of the warning buoy. Almost immediately, at 7.45 am, a torpedo (floating mine) went off under her hull. The ship filled rapidly with water and sank within two or three minutes. Only 21 of her crew of 114 were saved and four of these were captured after struggling ashore at Mobile Point. Craven was among those lost. The survivors were rescued by boats from USS Metacomet. Captain James Alden of USS Brooklyn was confused by the movement of the USS Tecumseh which appeared to conflict his with orders to stay on the port side of the monitors and to the right of the minefield. He stopped his ship and signalled to Farragut for instructions. The USS Brooklyn began backing to avoid a row of suspicious-looking buoys under her bow. The vessel yawed to starboard across the channel and the entire line of wooden vessels began to drift into confusion right under the guns of Fort Morgan.
Farragut’s flagship USS Hartford swept past USS Brooklyn and directly into the rows of dangerous torpedoes. The fleet followed Farragut’s course. Fire from Fort Morgan began to damage the USS Hartford and caused heavy casualties. Farragut refused to stop the flagship or to slow the attack while the fleet was directly under the fire of the fort. Lashed in the rigging to observe the action over the smoke billowing from the guns, Farragut urged the captain to take the boldest course through the torpedo field. He shouted, “Damn the torpedoes, full speed ahead“. Captain Percival Drayton steered USS Hartford around USS Brooklyn.
As Farragut’s flagship USS Hartford took the lead of the attack from the stalled USS Brooklyn, the rest of the Union force steamed into the bay. Farragut took the USS Hartford into and through the line of torpedoes that had just sunk USS Tecumseh, but Farragut was confident that the majority had been submerged too long to be effective. The torpedoes were heard bumping against the hull, but none exploded. Farragut’s gamble paid off and the entire column of fourteen warships passed through unharmed. The USS Oneida at the very rear of the column was hit in the starboard boiler by a shot from Fort Morgan. The engine room crew was scalded with steam and then another shot burst in the cabin, cutting the wheel ropes. The vessel was out of control and powerless but was dragged ahead by its attached escort.
The CSS Tennessee moved to attack the Union fleet at 8 am and managed to “cross the T” ahead of the Union columns. With few forward-facing Union guns bearing on them, the Confederates rained fire on the approaching ships. CSS Selma knocked out the only bow gun on USS Hartford and also cut the chain armour on its starboard bow, killing several men. The Union ships surged on without hesitation. Buchanan aimed to ram USS Brooklyn as it passed by the CSS Tennessee, but his ship was too slow for the task. Disregarding CSS Tennessee, Farragut ordered his smaller, faster gunboats to take care of the three Confederate gunboats.
USS Metacomet was unleashed from USS Hartford, and quickly captured the CSS Selma. CSS Gaines was subjected to concentrated fire from USS Hartford, USS Richmond, and other ships at short range. The CSS Gaines was holed and was deliberately run aground near Fort Morgan. The crew salvaged most of the ammunition and small arms before she was set on fire and sank in two fathoms. CSS Morgan had briefly engaged USS Metacomet in an attempt to assist CSS Selma prior to her surrender, but CSS Morgan could not maintain her position and faced the possibility of being cut off and captured by two Union ships. She was taken under the protection of Fort Morgan’s guns and was saved later by running the gauntlet of the Union fleet into Dog River. The fight against the smaller Confederate ships lasted less than an hour. As the naval battle raged, the USS Philippi, Acting Master James T Seaver, grounded near Fort Morgan in its attempt to enter the bay. The fort’s heavy guns quickly found the range and riddled USS Philippi, forcing the crew to abandon ship. A boat crew from the survivors of CSS Morgan completed her destruction by setting her afire.
The Union fleet steamed further into the bay and dropped anchor in the bay at about 8.35 am. The action appeared to be over. Farragut expected CSS Tennessee to take shelter under the guns of Fort Morgan while he rested his ships and assessed battle damage in the calm middle of the bay. At about 8.50 am, to the surprise of the Union sailors who were about to eat and repair their damage, the CSS Tennessee steamed out from the protection of Fort Morgan and resumed the fight. Determined to do his utmost to save the port, Buchanan committed his ship to victory or destruction. The single Confederate ship steamed forward with six guns against seventeen ships, three of them armoured, and mounting 157 guns. Sailing along the line of wooden ships the Confederate behemoth put two shots through USS Brooklyn and survived the broadside that was fired in reply. The USS Richmond also fired a broadside but it had no visible effect on the iron casemate. The ironclad ram charged ahead and struck a glancing blow on USS Monongahela and then put two shots into the USS Ossipee. Reaching the rear of the Union column, CSS Tennessee hit the USS Oneida, severely wounding the captain and wrecking the aft 11-inch pivot gun.
Despite its aggressive movements, the CSS Tennessee was so slow that it failed to make effective ramming contact with any of its targets and soon became the target of ramming attacks itself. At 9.25 am the USS Monongahela, which had been fitted with an iron shield on her bow just for this purpose, and then the USS Lackawanna and USS Hartford, rammed the CSS Tennessee repeatedly. The only perceptible effect on the Confederate ram was to start a heavy list but none of the collisions seriously harmed the Confederate ironclad. In every case, the ramming vessel suffered more than its target. While the ramming attacks were made, the ships were simultaneously exchanging shots at point-blank range. The Confederate ship inflicted more damage than she received, as the shots from Farragut’s wooden fleet bounced off its armour. Only a single shot from USS Manhattan’s 15-inch gun made an impression by smashing a single hole through the side armour.
The CSS Tennessee was finally forced to cease fire at 9.40 am as its powder was poor and the fuses were defective, causing its guns increasingly to misfire. Abandoning its attack on the wooden fleet, CSS Tennessee then turned hard to port to face the approach of the three surviving Union monitors. None of the ironclads could inflict damage through its opponents’ armour. CSS Tennessee limped on to pull up out of range on the far side of the channel, where it could be protected by the guns of Fort Morgan.
The ironclad USS Chickasaw moved onto the stern of the Confederate ship and USS Manhattan began to pummel the ram with her 15-inch guns. USS Monongahela struck the ram with its special iron prow, which broke off after causing little harm. The USS Ossipee also attempted a charge. USS Lackawanna rammed the rear of the Confederate ship, crushing an 8-foot section of the stern above and below the waterline. USS Hartford poured a broadside into CSS Tennessee from a distance of ten feet. USS Hartford then delivered a glancing blow on the port bow of the Confederate ship. The Union vessels manoeuvred to ram repeatedly while their heavy shot gradually bent in the iron shield and shattered the oak backing of the Confederate ship. The USS Hartford collided with the USS Lackawanna and Farragut, who was hanging from the rigging, was almost thrown overboard. Farragut ordered the USS Lackawanna to veer away when it appeared that it was about to inflict another ramming attack on its own flagship.
The Union guns pounded the almost immobile ram with USS Chickasaw causing increasing damage to its stern. Some of the shutters on the gun ports of the CSS Tennessee were jammed, rendering the guns inoperable. CSS Tennessee then became completely motionless, with her smokestack shot away and making it impossible to build up boiler pressure. Her rudder chains were parted so she could not steer. The CSS Tennessee was eventually reduced to a hulk, unable either to move or to reply to the guns of the Union fleet. Fragments killed or wounded some of the crew and Buchanan was incapacitated by a broken leg. No longer able to fight, Commander James D Johnston requested and received permission from the wounded admiral to surrender at about 10 am. With the flagstaff shot away, the white flag had to be waved through a gun port on the end of a rammer. Little more than three hours had elapsed since USS Tecumseh had fired the first shot.
Of the 3,000 Union sailors engaged 342 men became casualties, of whom 93 drowned during the sinking of the USS Tecumseh. In all, 172 Union sailors were killed and 170 wounded, and four more were captured after swimming ashore. The Confederates lost 32 seamen out of 470 engaged, and a further 243 were captured from the CSS Tennessee and CSS Selma. The CSS Tennessee had two men killed and nine wounded, including Buchanan, The other Confederate ships lost another ten men killed and eleven wounded. (CWSAC Decisive Battle Union Victory)
ORDER OF BATTLE: MOBILE BAY, AL
Union West Gulf Blockading Squadron: Rear Admiral David Glasgow Farragut
USS Brooklyn: Captain James Alden, USS Itasca: Lieutenant Commander George Brown, USS Kennebec: Lieutenant Commander William P McCann, USS Monongahela: Commander James H Strong, USS Oneida: Commander J R Madison Mullaney, USS Richmond: Captain Thornton A Jenkins, USS Seminole, USS Hartford (flagship): Flag Captain Percival Drayton, USS Galena: Lieutenant Commander Clark H Wells, USS Metacomet: Lieutenant Commander James Edward Jouett, USS Octorara: Lieutenant Commander Charles H Green, USS Lackawanna, USS Ossipee: Commander William E LeRoy, USS Port Royal: Lieutenant Commander Bancroft Gherardi, USS Tecumseh: Commander T A M Craven, USS Manhattan: Commander J W A Nicholson, USS Winnebago: Commander Thomas H Stevens, USS Chickasaw: Lieutenant Commander George H Perkins
Confederate Mobile Bay Flotilla: Admiral Franklin Buchanan
CSS Tennessee (flagship): Captain James D Johnston, CSS Morgan: Commander George W Harrison, CSS Gaines: Lieutenant Commander J W Bennett, CSS Selma
Arizona Territory. Reconnaissance to Pinal Creek ended.
Arkansas. Incidents at Lake Bluff and West Point
Arkansas. Skirmish near Remount Camp when Confederates dressed in Union uniforms made a surprise attack.
Utoy Creek, Georgia. Union Major-General John McAllister Schofield’s Army of the Ohio (XXIII Corps,) supported by Major-General John McAuley Palmer’s XIV Corps (Cumberland), were ordered to exploit their bridgehead at Utoy Creek. Palmer was ordered to attack with Brigadier-General Absalom Baird’s 3rd Division while Brigadier-General James Dada Morgan (2/XIV) and Brigadier-General Richard W Johnson (1/XIV) moved in echelon onto his left and right respectively. Brigadier-General Milo Smith Hascall’s division (2/XXIII) would advance by the right flank to support the advance and Major-General Jacob Dolson Cox’s Division (3/XXIII) was required to provide support behind Johnson.
Schofield believed that he faced only an outpost line, but the Confederates were now present in strength. Confederate Major-General William Brimage Bate’s Division had built defences along the Sandtown Road and was supported by Brigadier-General Lawrence Sullivan Ross’ cavalry brigade and a brigade of Georgia Militia. Baird was expected to advance at 6 am but Palmer delayed until 8 am while he continued to dispute Schofield’s authority. Schofield confirmed the orders and Baird advanced aggressively. Baird drove in the Confederate skirmish line but his delay allowed the Confederates to reinforce their main line. He took 140 prisoners for the loss of 83 men. Once the attack was underway all the other divisions moved as instructed but none engaged with the enemy.
Schofield confessed to Major-General William Tecumseh Sherman that the XIV Corps had failed to make any significant aggressive movement and he decided to replace those troops with his own XXIII Corps. Cox replaced Johnson’s division, which relieved Hascall’s division in turn on the left. These movements took a long time and were still underway by nightfall, and they were not fully completed until the following morning. The delay also allowed the Confederates to strengthen their defences with abattis and entrenchments. Confederate General John Bell Hood reinforced the threatened sector with parts of Lieutenant-General William Joseph Hardee’s Corps. The Confederate line was also extended further to the left to deter any outflanking move. Casualties numbered about 200 men on each side.
Kansas. Reconnaissance to Smoky Hill Fork ended.
Louisiana. Incidents at Comite River, Donaldsonville, and Gillespie’s Plantation.
Louisiana. Skirmish at Concordia Bayou.
Louisiana. Skirmish at Doyal’s Plantation.
Louisiana. Skirmish at Olive Branch.
Maryland. Skirmish at Hagerstown/
Maryland. Skirmish at Williamsport.
Maryland. Skirmish at Keedysville.
Maryland. Union Lieutenant-General Ulysses Simpson Grant visited Major-General David Hunter at Monocacy. Hunter acknowledged his lack of success and agreed patriotically to stand aside for Major-General Philip Henry Sheridan, who was junior in rank. Hunter even agreed to hand over his three divisions to his subordinate Brigadier-General George Crook. Hunter left for Washington, DC, to await orders, while Grant awaited Sheridan’s arrival.
Missouri. Incidents at McDonald County and Cow Skin.
Tennessee. Reconnaissance to Greenville ended.
Virginia. Skirmish at Cabin Point.
West Virginia. Skirmish at Huttonsville.
Union Organisation
USA: Joseph Abel Haskin confirmed Brigadier-General USV 5 August 1864 to rank from 4 August 1864.
Commander in Chief: President Abraham Lincoln
Vice-President: Hannibal Hamlin
Secretary of War: Edwin McMasters Stanton
Secretary of the Navy: Gideon Welles
North Atlantic Blockading Squadron: Samuel Phillips Lee
South Atlantic Blockading Squadron: John Adolphus Bernard Dahlgren
West Gulf Blockading Squadron: David Glasgow Farragut
East Gulf Blockading Squadron: Theodorus Bailey
Pacific Squadron: John Berrien Montgomery
Mississippi River Squadron: Alexander Moseley Pennock
Potomac Flotilla: Andrew Allen Harwood
General–in-Chief: Ulysses Simpson Grant
Military Division of the Mississippi: William Tecumseh Sherman
- Department of the Cumberland: George Henry Thomas
- District of Tennessee: Lovell Harrison Rousseau
- District of Western Kentucky: Eleazer Arthur Paine
- District of Northern Alabama: Robert Seaman Granger
- District of Etowah: James Blair Steedman
- Army of the Cumberland: George Henry Thomas
- IV Corps Cumberland: David Sloane Stanley
- XIV Corps Cumberland: John McAuley Palmer
- XX Corps Cumberland: Alpheus Starkey Williams interim Henry Warner Slocum awaited
- Cavalry Corps Cumberland: Washington Lafayette Elliott
- Department of the Ohio: John McAllister Schofield
- District of East Tennessee: Jacob Ammen
- District of Kentucky: Stephen Gano Burbridge
- Army of the Ohio: John McAllister Schofield
- XXIII Corps Ohio: John McAllister Schofield
- Department of the Tennessee: Oliver Otis Howard
- District of West Tennessee: Benjamin Henry Grierson
- Sub-District of Memphis: Ralph Pomeroy Buckland
- District of Vicksburg: Henry Warner Slocum
- Army of the Tennessee: Oliver Otis Howard
- XV Corps Tennessee: John Alexander Logan
- XVI Corps Tennessee: vacant
- Right Wing XVI Corps Tennessee: Andrew Jackson Smith
- Left Wing XVI Corps Tennessee: Grenville Mellen Dodge
- XVII Corps Tennessee: Francis Preston Blair
- District of West Tennessee: Benjamin Henry Grierson
Military Division of West Mississippi: Edward Richard Sprigg Canby
- Department of Arkansas: Frederick Steele
- District of Eastern Arkansas: Napoleon Bonaparte Buford
- District of Little Rock: Eugene Asa Carr
- District of the Frontier: John Milton Thayer
- Army of Arkansas: Frederick Steele
- VII Corps Arkansas: Frederick Steele
- Department of the Gulf: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
- District of Baton Rouge: William Plummer Benton
- District of Port Hudson: John McNeil
- District of La Fourche: Robert Alexander Cameron
- District of Morganza: Michael Kelly Lawler
- District of Carrollton: Nelson B Bartram
- District of West Florida: Alexander Asboth
- District of Key West and Tortugas: Daniel Phineas Woodbury
- Defences of New Orleans: Thomas West Sherman
- Army of the Gulf: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
- XIX Corps Gulf: Joseph Jones Reynolds
- Reserve Corps Gulf: Gordon Granger
- Department of the Missouri: William Starke Rosecrans
- District of St Louis: Alfred Pleasonton
- District of Southwest Missouri: John Benjamin Sanborn
- District of North Missouri: Clinton Bowen Fisk
- District of Central Missouri: Alfred Pleasonton
- District of Rolla: Odon Guitar
Department of the East: John Adams Dix
Department of Kansas: George Sykes
- District of Nebraska Territory: Robert Byington Mitchell
- District of North Kansas: Thomas Alfred Davies
- District of South Kansas: Thomas Jefferson McKean
- District of the Upper Arkansas: James Gilpatrick Blunt
- District of the Border: William Russell Judson
- District of Colorado Territory: John Milton Chivington
Middle Department: Lewis Wallace
- District of Delaware: Henry Hayes Lockwood
- District of the Eastern Shore of Maryland: Henry Hayes Lockwood
- VIII Corps Middle: Lewis Wallace
Department of New Mexico: James Henry Carleton
- District of Arizona: George Washington Bowie
Northern Department: Samuel Peter Heintzelman
- District of Indiana: Henry Beebe Carrington
Department of the Northwest: John Pope
- District of Minnesota: Henry Hastings Sibley
- District of Wisconsin: Thomas Church Haskell Smith
- District of Iowa: Alfred Sully
Department of the Pacific: Irvin McDowell
- District of California: George Wright
- District of the Humboldt: Stephen Girard Whipple
- District of Oregon: Benjamin Alvord
- District of Southern California: James Freeman Curtis
- District of Utah: Patrick Edward Connor
Department of the Potomac: George Gordon Meade
- Army of the Potomac: George Gordon Meade
- II Corps Potomac: Winfield Scott Hancock
- V Corps Potomac: Gouverneur Kemble Warren
- VI Corps Potomac: Horatio Gouverneur Wright
- IX Corps Potomac: Ambrose Everett Burnside
- Cavalry Corps Potomac: David McMurtrie Gregg
Department of the South: John Gray Foster
- Northern District (South): Alexander Schimmelfennig
- District of Beaufort (SC): Rufus Saxton
- District of Hilton Head: Edward Elmer Potter temporary
- District of Florida: John Porter Hatch
Department of the Susquehanna: Darius Nash Couch
- Lehigh District: Franz Sigel
- District of Brandywine: George Cadwalader
- District of the Monongahela: Thomas Algeo Rowley
Department of Virginia and North Carolina: Edward Otho Cresap Ord temporary
- District of Eastern Virginia: George Foster Shepley
- District of Currituck: Samuel Henry Roberts
- District of North Carolina: Innis Newton Palmer
- Sub-District of Beaufort NC: Thomas Jonathan Coffin Amory
- Sub-District of New Bern: Edward Harland
- Army of the James: Benjamin Franklin Butler
- X Corps James: David Bell Birney
- XVIII Corps James: Edward Otho Cresap Ord
Department of Washington: Christopher Columbus Augur
- District of St Mary’s: James Barnes
- District of Alexandria: John Potts Slough
- District of Washington: Moses N Wisewell
- XXII Corps Washington: Christopher Columbus Augur
Department of Western Virginia: David Hunter interim George Crook awaited
- District of Harper’s Ferry: Albion Parris Howe
- Army of the Kanawha: George Crook
Confederate Organisation
CSA: Captain Ebenezer Farrand assumed command of the Mobile Naval Squadron.
CSA: Philip Cook promoted Brigadier-General PACS 8 August 1864 to rank from 5 August 1864.
Cook, Philip (Jr) / Georgia / Born 31 July 1817 Twiggs, Georgia / Died Atlanta, Georgia 21 May 1894
CSA: Archibald Campbell Godwin promoted Brigadier-General PACS 5 August 1864 unconfirmed.
Commander in Chief: President Jefferson Finis Davis
Vice-President: Alexander Hamilton Stephens
Secretary of War: James Alexander Seddon
Secretary of the Navy: Stephen Russell Mallory
Military Adviser to the President: Braxton Bragg
Department of Alabama and East Mississippi: Dabney Herndon Maury
- District of Mississippi and East Louisiana: St John Richardson Liddell interim George Baird Hodge awaited
- Gulf District: Franklin Gardner temporary
- District of Northern Alabama: Daniel Weisiger Adams
- District of West Tennessee: Nathan Bedford Forrest
Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
- First District of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: Henry Alexander Wise
- Second District of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: Laurence Simmons Baker
- Third District of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: William Henry Chase Whiting
Department of Northern Virginia: Robert Edward Lee
- Army of Northern Virginia: Robert Edward Lee
- I Corps Northern Virginia: Richard Heron Anderson temporary
- III Corps Northern Virginia: Ambrose Powell Hill
- Cavalry Northern Virginia: Wade Hampton
- Valley District: Jubal Anderson Early
- Army of the Valley (II Corps Northern Virginia): Jubal Anderson Early
- I Corps Valley: Robert Emmett Rodes
- II Corps Valley: John Cabell Breckinridge
- Army of the Valley (II Corps Northern Virginia): Jubal Anderson Early
Department of Richmond: Richard Stoddert Ewell
Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida: Samuel Jones
- District of Georgia: Henry Rootes Jackson
- District of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley
- 1st Sub-District of South Carolina: Nathan George Evans
- 2nd Sub-District of South Carolina: Beverley Holcombe Robertson
- 3rd Sub-District of South Carolina: Lafayette McLaws
- 4th Sub-District of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley
- 6th Sub-District of South Carolina: Henry Alexander Wise
- 7th Sub-District of South Carolina: William Booth Taliaferro
- District of Florida: James Patton Anderson
- Defences of Savannah: Lafayette McLaws
Department of Tennessee: John Bell Hood
- District of Western North Carolina: James Green Martin
- Army of Tennessee: John Bell Hood
- I Corps Tennessee: William Joseph Hardee
- II Corps Tennessee: Stephen Dill Lee
- III Corps Tennessee: Benjamin Franklin Cheatham temporary
- Cavalry Corps Tennessee: Joseph Wheeler
Trans-Allegheny Department: John Hunt Morgan
Trans-Mississippi Department: Edmund Kirby Smith
- District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: John George Walker awaited
- Western Sub-District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: Thomas Fenwick Drayton
- Sub-District of the Rio Grande: Hamilton Prioleau Bee
- Eastern Sub-District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: William Steele
- Sub-District of Houston: Xavier Blanchard Debray
- Northern Sub-District Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: Henry Eustace McCullough
- Western Sub-District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: Thomas Fenwick Drayton
- District of Arkansas: John Bankhead Magruder
- District of West Louisiana: Simon Bolivar Buckner
- District of Indian Territory: Douglas Hancock Cooper
- Trans-Mississippi Army: Edmund Kirby Smith
- I Corps Trans-Mississippi: Simon Bolivar Buckner
- II Corps Trans-Mississippi: John Bankhead Magruder
- III Corps Trans-Mississippi: John George Walker
- Cavalry Corps Trans-Mississippi: Sterling Price awaited
Reserve Forces of Alabama: Jones Mitchell Withers
Reserve Forces of Florida: John King Jackson
Reserve Forces of Georgia: Thomas Howell Cobb
Reserve Forces of Mississippi: William Lindsay Brandon
Reserve Forces of North Carolina: Theophilus Hunter Holmes
Reserve Forces of South Carolina: James Chesnut
Reserve Forces of Texas: Jerome Bonaparte Robertson
Reserve Forces of Virginia: James Lawson Kemper
Union Generals
Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission
Lieutenant-General USA
Ulysses Simpson Grant
Major-General USA
George Brinton McClellan
Henry Wager Halleck
Major-General USV
Asterisk indicates concurrently Brigadier-General USA
John Adams Dix
Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Benjamin Franklin Butler
David Hunter
Ethan Allen Hitchcock
Irvin McDowell*
Ambrose Everett Burnside
William Starke Rosecrans*
John Pope*
Samuel Ryan Curtis
Franz Sigel
John Alexander McClernand
Lewis Wallace
George Henry Thomas*
George Cadwalader
William Tecumseh Sherman*
Edward Otho Cresap Ord
Samuel Peter Heintzelman
Joseph Hooker*
Silas Casey
William Buel Franklin
Darius Nash Couch
Henry Warner Slocum
John James Peck
Alexander McDowell McCook
Thomas Leonidas Crittenden
John Gray Foster
John Grubb Parke
Christopher Columbus Augur
Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
Gordon Granger
Lovell Harrison Rousseau
George Stoneman
George Gordon Meade*
Oliver Otis Howard
Daniel Edgar Sickles
Robert Huston Milroy
Daniel Butterfield
Winfield Scott Hancock
George Sykes
David Sloane Stanley
James Scott Negley
John McAllister Schofield
John McAuley Palmer
Frederick Steele
Abner Doubleday
Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana
John Alexander Logan
James Gilpatrick Blunt
George Lucas Hartsuff
Cadwallader Colden Washburn
Francis Jay Herron
Francis Preston Blair
Joseph Jones Reynolds
Philip Henry Sheridan
Julius Stahel
Carl Schurz
Gouverneur Kemble Warren
David Bell Birney
Alfred Pleasonton
Andrew Atkinson Humphreys
Quincy Adams Gillmore
William Farrar Smith
James Blair Steedman
Edward Richard Sprigg Canby
Horatio Gouverneur Wright
Andrew Jackson Smith
Grenville Mellen Dodge
John Gibbon
Peter Joseph Osterhaus
Brigadier-General USA
Brackets indicates concurrently Major-General USV
(Irvin McDowell)
(William Starke Rosecrans)
Philip St George Cooke
(John Pope)
(Joseph Hooker)
(George Gordon Meade)
(William Tecumseh Sherman)
(George Henry Thomas)
Brigadier-General USV
Thomas West Sherman
Benjamin Franklin Kelley
Jacob Dolson Cox
Alpheus Starkey Williams
James Brewerton Ricketts
Orlando Bolivar Willcox
Henry Hayes Lockwood
George Webb Morell
John Henry Martindale
Samuel Davis Sturgis
Henry Washington Benham
William Farquhar Barry
Lawrence Pike Graham
Eleazar Arthur Paine
William Thomas Ward
John Gross Barnard
Innis Newton Palmer
Seth Williams
John Newton
George Wright
John Milton Brannan
John Porter Hatch
Albin Francisco Schoepf
Thomas John Wood
Richard W Johnson
Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich Von Steinwehr
George Washington Cullum
Thomas Jefferson McKean
Zealous Bates Tower
Jefferson Columbus Davis
James Henry Lane
William Scott Ketchum
John Wynn Davidson
James Gallant Spears
Eugene Asa Carr
Thomas Alfred Davies
William Hemsley Emory
Marsena Rudolph Patrick
Orris Sanford Ferry
Daniel Phineas Woodbury
Henry Moses Judah
John Cook
John McArthur
Jacob Gartner Lauman
Horatio Phillips Van Cleve
Speed Smith Fry
Alexander Asboth
James Craig
Mahlon Dickerson Manson
Robert Byington Mitchell
Cuvier Grover
Rufus Saxton
Benjamin Alvord
Napoleon Bonaparte Buford
Nathan Kimball
Charles Devens
Samuel Wylie Crawford
Henry Walton Wessells
Milo Smith Hascall
John White Geary
Alfred Howe Terry
James Henry Carleton
Absalom Baird
John Cleveland Robinson
Truman Seymour
Henry Prince
Maximilian Weber
Jeremiah Cutler Sullivan
Alvin Peterson Hovey
James Clifford Veatch
William Plummer Benton
John Curtis Caldwell
Neal Dow
George Sears Greene
Samuel Powhatan Carter
Erastus Barnard Tyler
Charles Griffin
George Henry Gordon
Julius White
Stephen Gano Burbridge
Washington Lafayette Elliott
Albion Parris Howe
Benjamin Stone Roberts
Jacob Ammen
Fitz-Henry Warren
Morgan Lewis Smith
Charles Cruft
Frederick Salomon
John Basil Turchin
Henry Shaw Briggs
James Dada Morgan
Johann August Ernst Willich
Henry Dwight Terry
George Foster Shepley
John Reese Kenly
John Potts Slough
Godfrey Weitzel
George Crook
Gershom Mott
Henry Jackson Hunt
Francis Channing Barlow
Mason Brayman
Nathaniel James Jackson
George Washington Getty
Alfred Sully
William Woods Averell
Francis Barretto Spinola
Solomon Meredith
Eliakim Parker Scammon
Robert Seaman Granger
Joseph Rodman West
Alfred Washington Ellet
George Leonard Andrews
Clinton Bowen Fisk
William Hays
Israel Vogdes
David Allen Russell
Lewis Cass Hunt
Frank Wheaton
John Sanford Mason
David McMurtrie Gregg
Robert Ogden Tyler
Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbert
Gilman Marston
William Dwight
Sullivan Amory Meredith
Nathaniel Collins McLean
William Vandever
Alexander Schimmelfennig
Charles Kinnaird Graham
John Eugene Smith
Joseph Tarr Copeland
Charles Adam Heckman
Edward Elmer Potter
Henry Beebee Carrington
John Haskell King
Adam Jacoby Slemmer
Thomas Hewson Neill
Thomas Gamble Pitcher
Thomas William Sweeny
William Passmore Carlin
Romeyn Beck Ayres
William Babcock Hazen
Joseph Anthony Mower
Richard Arnold
Edward Winslow Hinks
Michael Kelly Lawler
George Day Wagner
Lysander Cutler
Joseph Farmer Knipe
James Barnes
Edward Harland
Samuel Beatty
Isaac Jones Wistar
Franklin Stillman Nickerson
Edward Henry Hobson
Ralph Pomeroy Buckland
Joseph Dana Webster
William Harrow
William Hopkins Morris
Thomas Howard Ruger
Thomas Edward Greenfield Ransom
Elias Smith Dennis
Thomas Church Haskell Smith
Mortimer Dormer Leggett
Davis Tillson
Hector Tyndale
Albert Lindley Lee
Marcellus Monroe Crocker
Egbert Benson Brown
John McNeil
George Francis McGinnis
Hugh Boyle Ewing
James Winning McMillan
Daniel Ullmann
George Jerrison Stannard
Henry Baxter
John Milton Thayer
Charles Thomas Campbell
Halbert Eleazer Paine
Robert Brown Potter
Thomas Ewing
Joseph Andrew Jackson Lightburn
Henry Hastings Sibley
Joseph Bradford Carr
Joseph Jackson Bartlett
Patrick Edward Connor
John Parker Hawkins
Gabriel René Paul
Edward Augustus Wild
Adelbert Ames
William Birney
Daniel Henry Rucker
Robert Allen
Rufus Ingalls
Alexander Shaler
Benjamin Henry Grierson
Robert Sanford Foster
Hugh Judson Kilpatrick
Alexander Stewart Webb
Alfred Napoleon Alexander Duffié
Walter Chiles Whitaker
Wesley Merritt
George Armstrong Custer
William Denison Whipple
John Converse Starkweather
Kenner Garrard
Charles Robert Woods
John Benjamin Sanborn
Giles Alexander Smith
Jasper Adalmorn Maltby
Thomas Kilby Smith
Walter Quintin Gresham
Manning Ferguson Force
Robert Alexander Cameron
John Murray Corse
John Aaron Rawlins
Alvan Cullem Gillem
John Wesley Turner
Henry Eugene Davies
Andrew Jackson Hamilton
Henry Warner Birge
James Hewitt Ledlie
James Harrison Wilson
Adin Ballou Underwood
Augustus Louis Chetlain
Thomas Francis Meagher
William Anderson Pile
John Wallace Fuller
John Franklin Miller
Philippe Régis Dénis de Keredern De Trobriand
Cyrus Bussey
Christopher Columbus Andrews
Hiram Burnham
Edward Moody McCook
Lewis Addison Grant
Edward Hatch
August Valentine Kautz
Francis Fessenden
John Rutter Brooke
John Frederick Hartranft
Samuel Sprigg Carroll
Simon Goodell Griffin
Emory Upton
Nelson Appleton Miles
Joseph Hayes
Byron Root Pierce
Selden Connor
Joshua Lawrence Chamberlain
Elliott Warren Rice
William Francis Bartlett
Thomas Algeo Rowley
Edward Stuyvesant Bragg
Martin Davis Hardin
Charles Jackson Paine
Gustavus Adolphus De Russy
John Baillie McIntosh
George Henry Chapman
William Grose
Joseph Alexander Cooper
John Thomas Croxton
John Wilson Sprague
James William Reilly
Luther Prentice Bradley
Charles Carroll Walcutt
William Worth Belknap
Powell Clayton
Joseph Abel Haskin
Brigadier-General USA (Staff)
Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (Quartermaster-General)
Lorenzo Thomas
William Alexander Hammond (Surgeon-General)
George Douglas Ramsay (Ordnance)
James Barnet Fry (Provost Marshal)
Richard Delafield (Engineers)
Joseph Holt (Judge Advocate-General)
Amos Beebe Eaton (Commissary-General of Subsistence)
Confederate Generals
Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission
General ACSA/PACS
Samuel Cooper
Robert Edward Lee
Joseph Eggleston Johnston
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
Braxton Bragg
Edmund Kirby Smith
John Bell Hood
Lieutenant-General PACS
James Longstreet
Theophilus Hunter Holmes
William Joseph Hardee
Richard Stoddert Ewell
Ambrose Powell Hill
Richard Taylor
Jubal Anderson Early
Richard Heron Anderson
Alexander Peter Stewart
Stephen Dill Lee
Major-General PACS
Benjamin Huger
John Bankhead Magruder
Mansfield Lovell
William Wing Loring
Sterling Price
Benjamin Franklin Cheatham
Samuel Jones
John Porter McCown
Daniel Harvey Hill
Thomas Carmichael Hindman
John Cabell Breckinridge
Lafayette McLaws
Simon Bolivar Buckner
Samuel Gibbs French
George Edward Pickett
Carter Littlepage Stevenson
John Horace Forney
Dabney Herndon Maury
Martin Luther Smith
John George Walker
Arnold Elzey
Patrick Ronayne Cleburne
Franklin Gardner
Isaac Ridgeway Trimble
Joseph Wheeler
Edward Johnson
William Henry Chase Whiting
Robert Emmett Rodes
Henry Heth
Robert Ransom
Jones Mitchell Withers
Cadmus Marcellus Wilcox
Wade Hampton
Fitzhugh Lee
Howell Cobb
John Austin Wharton
William Thompson Martin
Nathan Bedford Forrest
Charles William Field
James Patton Anderson
William Brimage Bate
Camille Armand Jules Marie de Polignac
Robert Frederick Hoke
William Henry Fitzhugh Lee
James Fleming Fagan
John Brown Gordon
Joseph Brevard Kershaw
Bushrod Rust Johnson
Stephen Dodson Ramseur
Edward Cary Walthall
Henry Delamar Clayton
William Mahone
John Calvin Brown
Brigadier-General PACS
Alexander Robert Lawton
Henry Alexander Wise
Henry Hopkins Sibley
John Henry Winder
Gideon Johnson Pillow
Daniel Ruggles
Roswell Sabine Ripley
Paul Octave Hébert
Albert Gallatin Blanchard
Gabriel James Rains
Thomas Fenwick Drayton
Nathan George Evans
James Heyward Trapier
Hugh Weedon Mercer
William Montgomery Gardner
Raleigh Edward Colston
John King Jackson
George Wythe Randolph
James Ronald Chalmers
Daniel Leadbetter
William Whann Mackall
Winfield Scott Featherston
Thomas James Churchill
William Booth Taliaferro
Albert Rust
Samuel Bell Maxey
Hamilton Prioleau Bee
James Morrison Hawes
George Hume Steuart
James Edwin Slaughter
Seth Maxwell Barton
Henry Eustace McCullough
John Selden Roane
States Rights Gist
William Nelson Pendleton
Joseph Finegan
William Nelson Rector Beall
Thomas Jordan
William Preston
John Echols
George Earl Maney
John Stuart Williams
James Green Martin
Thomas Lanier Clingman
Daniel Weisiger Adams
Louis Hébert
Ambrose Ransom Wright
James Lawson Kemper
James Jay Archer
Beverley Holcombe Robertson
St John Richardson Liddell
Johnson Hagood
Harry Thompson Hays
Matthew Duncan Ector
Edward Aylesworth Perry
John Gregg
Alfred Holt Colquitt
Abraham Buford
William Steele
Francis Asbury Shoup
Joseph Robert Davis
John Crawford Vaughn
Evander McIvor Law
Elkanah Brackin Greer
Francis Redding Tillou Nicholls
Alfred Cumming
William Stephen Walker
Montgomery Dent Corse
George Thomas Anderson
Alfred Iverson
James Henry Lane
Edward Lloyd Thomas
John Rogers Cooke
Jerome Bonaparte Robertson
Evander McNair
Archibald Gracie
William Robertson Boggs
James Camp Tappan
Dandridge McRae
Mosby Monroe Parsons
John Pegram
John Sappington Marmaduke
John Hunt Morgan
Marcus Joseph Wright
Zachariah Cantey Deas
John Adams
William Hicks Jackson
James Cantey
Henry Lewis Benning
William Tatum Wofford
Samuel McGowan
Marcellus Augustus Stovall
George Blake Cosby
Francis Crawford Armstrong
William Lewis Cabell
John Daniel Imboden
Alfred Eugene Jackson
Robert Brank Vance
Arthur Middleton Manigault
Douglas Hancock Cooper
John Wilkins Whitfield
James Alexander Walker
Matthew Whitaker Ransom
Alfred Moore Scales
George Washington Custis Lee
Henry Harrison Walker
Gabriel Colvin Wharton
Francis Marion Cockrell
James Patrick Major
Samuel Wragg Ferguson
Lunsford Lindsay Lomax
Laurence Simmons Baker
Otho French Strahl
Philip Dale Roddey
Eppa Hunton
Thomas Pleasant Dockery
Benjamin Grubb Humphreys
Henry Brevard Davidson
Cullen Andrews Battle
William Andrew Quarles
William Whedbee Kirkland
Goode Bryan
Matthew Calbraith Butler
Williams Carter Wickham
Robert Daniel Johnston
Alexander Welch Reynolds
Thomas Neville Waul
Edmund Winston Pettus
Armistead Lindsay Long
Henry Rootes Jackson
William Wirt Adams
Thomas Lafayette Rosser
Pierce Manning Butler Young
James Argyle Smith
Joseph Horace Lewis
Mark Perrin Lowrey
Edward Higgins
John Tyler Morgan
John Herbert Kelly
William Young Conn Humes
Jesse Johnson Finley
James Holt Clanton
Alfred Jefferson Vaughan
Joseph Orville Shelby
John Randolph Chambliss
Lawrence Sullivan Ross
Daniel Chevilette Govan
Randall Lee Gibson
Nathaniel Harrison Harris
Allen Thomas
Alexander Travis Hawthorn
Robert Charles Tyler
Edward Porter Alexander
William Wirt Allen
Hiram Bronson Granbury
Claudius Wistar Sears
William Feimster Tucker
Richard Lucian Page
Alpheus Baker
Daniel Harris Reynolds
James Chesnut
Stand Watie
Samuel Jameson Gholson
John Bratton
Thomas Moore Scott
John McCausland
Clement Anselm Evans
William Terry
Bryan Grimes
Martin Witherspoon Gary
Birkett Davenport Fry
Stephen Elliott
William Ruffin Cox
Thomas Fentress Toon
William Gaston Lewis
Zebulon York
Robert Doak Lilley
John Caldwell Calhoun Sanders
William Richard Terry
James Conner
Rufus Clay Barringer
John Smith Preston
Hylan Benton Lyon
William Lindsay Brandon
Bradley Tyler Johnson
James Thadeus Holtzclaw
John Carpenter Carter
William Felix Brantley
Robert Houston Anderson
Jacob Hunter Sharp
George Doherty Johnston
George Gibbs Dibrell
Thomas Benton Smith
David Addison Weisiger
William Miller
Philip Cook
Richard Waterhouse
American Civil War High Command 