1862 December 20th

December 20 1862 Saturday

Holly Springs, MS
Trenton, TN

Grant’s Central Mississippi Campaign
Forrest’s First West Tennessee Raid
Sherman’s Yazoo River Expedition
Foster’s Goldsboro Raid
Van Dorn’s Raid to Holly Springs

Go to December 21 1862

USA. US Secretary of Treasury Salmon Portland Chase tendered his resignation but President Abraham Lincoln refused to accept it.

Arkansas. Skirmish at Cane Hill.

Arkansas. Union Rear Admiral David Dixon Porter arrived at Helena, where he met Major-General William Tecumseh Sherman in his flagship USS Black Hawk. They made preparations for their joint assault on Vicksburg. His fleet was the largest yet placed under one American naval officer until that time. This single fleet alone equalled in size the number of ships in the entire US Navy at the outbreak of war.

Mississippi. Skirmish at Coldwater.

Holly Springs, Mississippi. Confederate Major-General Earl Van Dorn arrived at Holly Springs with 3,500 mounted troops from Grenada. Holly Springs was the primary base of supplies for the Union army advancing southwards towards Vicksburg. The main depot was at the former Confederate Armoury.
Van Dorn’s three brigades were led by Colonel William Hicks Jackson (3rd Tennessee Cavalry, 6th Tennessee Cavalry, 3rd Arkansas Cavalry, and 7th Tennessee Cavalry), Colonel Robert McCulloch (2nd Missouri Cavalry, and 1st Mississippi Cavalry), and Lieutenant-Colonel John Summerfield Griffith (1st Texas Legion Cavalry, 3rd Texas Cavalry, 6th Texas Cavalry, and Captain Francis McNally’s Battery).
The Union garrison was billeted in three major concentrations around Holly Springs. Union infantry occupied the courthouse area, and also the railroad depot in town, while six companies of Union cavalrymen lay encamped near the city limits. The three concentrations were not in prompt supporting distance of each other. Union Colonel Robert Murphy, the commander at Holly Springs, failed to heed warnings about enemy activity and his five hundred men were passive in camp as dawn approached.
During the night, Van Dorn had divided his force a few miles east of Holly Springs, sending half to the town by way of a side road, and the rest by the Ripley road. Van Dorn’s plan of attack was for the head of the column to dash into and capture the infantry camp while the following group passed the encampment directly into the town. When it reached the street leading north to the fairgrounds, it would wheel to the right and charge the cavalry camp. The third element was to ride through the town until it struck the infantry occupying the public square. Van Dorn posted a patrol on the road leading south of the supply depot, to prevent Union reinforcements from reaching Holly Springs.
The attack from the east, northeast, and north, was a complete success. Confederate cavalrymen overran the infantry camp. The Union cavalry camp was surprised at morning inspection. The Union cavalrymen mounted a brief resistance before being overwhelmed and forced to surrender.
The immense supply depot with vital medical, quartermaster’s, ordnance, and commissary stores fell into Confederate hands. While about 1,500 prisoners were being paroled, the raiders plundered warehouses, cut telegraph wires, and tore up the railroad tracks. After putting the torch to the supplies they could not carry away, the Confederates remounted and withdrew. In ten hours, they destroyed $1,500,000 worth of supplies and burned several buildings, including a new 2,000-bed hospital.
Van Dorn’s raiders then headed north, away from Union Major-General Ulysses Simpson Grant’s headquarters at Oxford, hoping to evade pursuit. Sweeping to the west of LaGrange, Tennessee, Van Dorn’s column turned towards Bolivar and finally returned to Grenada on the 28 December by way of Saulsbury, Tennessee. Although Grant pushed his cavalry hard in pursuit, they failed to overtake the Confederate raiders. The raid had immediate and far-reaching consequences for Grant’s advance through Mississippi. Having been deprived of his main supply depot and painfully enlightened about the vulnerability of his overland communications, Grant decided to retreat from Mississippi into Tennessee. His first attempt to capture Vicksburg had ended in failure and he was persuaded of the futility of adopting this long and vulnerable overland route to his objective.

North Carolina. The expeditionary force of Union Brigadier-General John Gray Foster returned to New Bern after completing its raid towards Kinston, Goldsboro, and the Wilmington & Weldon Railroad.

Tennessee. Expedition from Memphis to Vicksburg began.

Tennessee. Reconnaissance to Rural Hill.

Tennessee. Incident at Nolensville.

Tennessee. Union Major-General William Tecumseh Sherman left Memphis to begin the expedition to the Yazoo River. Disabled telegraph lines prevented him from receiving messages sent by Union Major-General Ulysses Simpson, warning him that Grant’s overland campaign across Mississippi would have to be abandoned after the fiasco at Holly Springs. Grant’s retreat meant that the Confederates were able to transfer troops towards Vicksburg after the abandonment of Grant’s advance.

ORDER OF BATTLE: UNION ARMY OF THE CUMBERLAND

Union Department of the Cumberland: Major-General William Starke Rosecrans
Army of the Cumberland: Major-General William Starke Rosecrans
XIV Corps (Cumberland) “Army of the Ohio”: Major-General William Starke Rosecrans
Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Major-General George Henry Thomas
1st Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Speed Smith Fry
1st Brigade, 1st Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Moses B Walker
2nd Brigade, 1st Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel J M Harlan
3rd Brigade, 1st Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General James Blair Steedman
3rd Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Lovell Harrison Rousseau
9th Brigade, 3rd Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Charles F Scribner
17th Brigade, 3rd Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel J G Jones
28th Brigade, 3rd Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel H A Hambright
8th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General James Scott Negley
7th Brigade, 8th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel J F Miller
29th Brigade, 8th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel T R Stanley
7th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General John McAuley Palmer
1st Brigade, 7th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel G W Roberts
2nd Brigade, 7th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General James Dada Morgan
12th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Ebenezer Dumont
40th Brigade, 12th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel A O Miller
Ward’s Brigade, 12th Division, Centre XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General William Thomas Ward
Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Major-General Thomas Leonidas Crittenden
4th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General William Sooy Smith
10th Brigade, 4th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel William Grose
19th Brigade, 4th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel William Babcock Hazen
22nd Brigade, 4th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Enyart
5th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Horatio Phillips Van Cleve
11th Brigade, 5th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Samuel Beatty
14th Brigade, 5th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel J P Fyffe
23rd Brigade, 5th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel S Matthews
6th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Milo Smith Hascall
15th Brigade, 6th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel G P Buell
20th Brigade, 6th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Charles G Harker
21st Brigade, 6th Division, Left Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel George D Wagner
Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Major-General Alexander McDowell McCook
2nd Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Joshua Woodrow Sill
4th Brigade, 2nd Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Buckley
5th Brigade, 2nd Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Edward N Kirk
6th Brigade, 2nd Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General August Willich
9th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Jefferson Columbus Davis
30th Brigade, 9th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland):
34th Brigade, 9th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland):
32nd Brigade, 9th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland):
11th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General Philip Henry Sheridan
35th Brigade, 11th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel F Schaefer
36th Brigade, 11th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel Moore
37th Brigade, 11th Division, Right Wing XIV Corps (Cumberland): Colonel N Greusel
Cavalry Corps (Cumberland): Brigadier-General David Sloane Stanley
Cavalry Division (Cumberland): Brigadier-General David Sloane Stanley
1st Brigade, Cavalry Division (Cumberland): Colonel E H Murray
2nd Brigade, Cavalry Division (Cumberland): Colonel L Zahm
Post of Bowling Green, Kentucky: Brigadier-General Gordon Granger
Post of Nashville, Tennessee: Brigadier-General Robert Byington Mitchell

Trenton, Tennessee. Confederate Brigadier-General Nathan Bedford Forrest abandoned his diversion at Jackson overnight and, at dawn, Union Brigadier-General Jeremiah Cutler Sullivan left the town to track down the raiders to the east. Forrest was raiding with a small force towards Bolivar while his main body headed for Trenton and Humboldt. Since Forrest’s cavalry had already departed northwards, Sullivan failed to delay their movements. Trenton was defended by detachments from the 122nd Illinois Infantry and the 7th Tennessee Cavalry and 130 hospital convalescents. The convalescents defended from behind a barricade of cotton bales at the railroad depot but they and the rest of the garrison were forced to yield when the Confederates brought up artillery. Forrest’s cavalry began four days of wrecking.  They destroyed sixty miles of railroad between Jackson and Union City (Mobile & Ohio Railroad) near the Kentucky state line. The destruction of trestles and culverts was so complete that this stretch of railroad never resumed operation during the war.

Tennessee. Confederate Brigadier-General Nathan Bedford Forrest’s cavalry occupied Humboldt and Trenton.

Tennessee. Confederate Brigadier-General Nathan Bedford Forrest’s cavalry engaged in a skirmish at the railroad Crossing of the Forked Deer River.

Virginia. Operation in Loudoun County ended.

Virginia. Reconnaissance to Leesburg.

Virginia. Skirmish at Kelly’s Ford.

Virginia. Skirmish at Occoquan.

Virginia. Skirmish near Halltown.

ORDER OF BATTLE: UNION DEPARTMENT OF VIRGINIA

Union Department of Virginia: Major-General John Adams Dix
IV Corps (Virginia): Major-General Erasmus Darwin Keyes
Yorktown, Virginia: Major General Erasmus Darwin Keyes
VII Corps (Virginia): Major-General John Adams Dix
Fort Monroe, Virginia: Colonel S M Alford
Newport News, Virginia: Brigadier-General Michael Corcoran
Suffolk, Virginia: Major-General John James Peck
Camp Hamilton, Virginia: Colonel A Conk
Norfolk, Virginia: Brigadier-General Egbert Ludovicus Viele

CONFEDERATE ORDER OF BATTLE: ARMY OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA

Confederate Department of Northern Virginia:-General Robert Edward Lee
Valley District: Major-General Daniel Harvey Hill
Army of Northern Virginia:-General Robert Edward Lee
I Corps Northern Virginia: Lieutenant-General James Longstreet
Anderson’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: Major-General Richard Heron Anderson
Wilcox’s Brigade, Anderson’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Cadmus Marcellus Wilcox
Mahone’s Brigade, Anderson’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General William Mahone
Featherston’s Brigade, Anderson’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: 
Wright’s Brigade, Anderson’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Perry’s Brigade, Anderson’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
McLaws’ Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: Major-General Lafayette McLaws
Kershaw’s Brigade, McLaws’ Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Semmes’ Brigade, McLaws’ Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Cobb’s Brigade, McLaws’ Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Barksdale’s Brigade, McLaws’ Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Pickett’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: Major-General George-Edward Pickett
Garnett’s Brigade, Pickett’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Armistead’s Brigade, Pickett’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Kemper’s Brigade, Pickett’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Jenkins’ Brigade, Pickett’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Corse’s Brigade, Pickett’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Hood’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: Major-General John Bell Hood
Robertson’s Brigade, Hood’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Law’s Brigade, Hood’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Anderson’s Brigade, Hood’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Toombs’ Brigade, Hood’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Ransom’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Robert Ransom
Ransom’s Brigade, Ransom’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
Cooke’s Brigade, Ransom’s Division, I Corps Northern Virginia:
II Corps Northern Virginia: Lieutenant-General Thomas Jonathan Jackson
Ewell’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Major-General Richard Stoddert Ewell
Lawton’s Brigade, Ewell’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Alexander Robert Lawton
Early’s Brigade, Ewell’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Jubal Anderson Early
Trimble’s Brigade, Ewell’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Isaac Ridgway Trimble
Hays’ Brigade, Ewell’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Harry Thompson Hays
D H Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Major-General Daniel Harvey Hill
Rodes’ Brigade, D H Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Robert Emmett Rodes
Doles’ Brigade, D H Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General George Pierce Doles
Colquitt’s Brigade, D H Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Alfred Holt Colquitt
Iverson’s Brigade, D H Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Alfred Iverson
Ramseur’s Brigade, D H Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Stephen Dodson Ramseur
A P Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Major-General Ambrose Powell Hill
Field’s Brigade, A P Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Charles William Field
Gregg’s Brigade, A P Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Maxcy Gregg
Thomas’ Brigade, A P Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Edward Lloyd Thomas
Lane Brigade, A P Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General James Henry Lane
Archer’s Brigade, A P Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General James Jay Archer
Pender’s Brigade, A P Hill’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General William Dorsey Pender
Jackson’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia:
Paxton’s Brigade, Jackson’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Elisha Franklin Paxton
Jones’ Brigade, Jackson’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General John Robert Jones
Taliaferro’s Brigade, Jackson’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General William Booth Taliaferro
Nicholls’ Brigade, Jackson’s Division, II Corps Northern Virginia:
Cavalry Division Northern Virginia: Major-General James Ewell Brown Stuart
Hampton’s Brigade, Cavalry Division Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Wade Hampton
F Lee’s Brigade, Cavalry Division Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General Fitzhugh Lee
W H F Lee’s Brigade, Cavalry Division Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General William Henry Fitzhugh Lee
Jones’ Brigade, Cavalry Division Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General William Edmondson Jones
General Artillery Reserve Northern Virginia: Brigadier-General William Nelson Pendleton 

Union Organisation

Commander in Chief: President Abraham Lincoln
Vice-President: Hannibal Hamlin
Secretary of War: Edwin McMasters Stanton
Secretary of the Navy: Gideon Welles

North Atlantic Blockading Squadron: Samuel Phillips Lee
South Atlantic Blockading Squadron: Samuel Francis Du Pont
West Gulf Blockading Squadron: David Glasgow Farragut
East Gulf Blockading Squadron: Theodorus Bailey
Pacific Squadron: Charles H Bell
Mississippi River Squadron: David Dixon Porter
Potomac Flotilla: Andrew Allen Harwood

General–in-Chief: Henry Wager Halleck

Department of the Cumberland: William Starke Rosecrans

  • Army of the Cumberland: William Starke Rosecrans
    • XIV Corps Cumberland: William Starke Rosecrans
      • Right Wing XIV Corps Cumberland: Alexander McDowell McCook
      • Left Wing XIV Corps Cumberland: Thomas Leonidas Crittenden
      • Centre XIV Corps Cumberland: George Henry Thomas
    • Cavalry Corps Cumberland: David Sloane Stanley

Department of the Gulf: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks

  • District of Pensacola: Neal S Dow
  • District of La Fourche: Godfrey Weitzel
  • Defences of New Orleans: Thomas W Cahill
  • Army of the Gulf: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
    • XIX Corps Gulf: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks

Department of the Missouri: Samuel Ryan Curtis

  • District of St Louis: vacant
  • District of Southwest Missouri: Egbert Benson Brown
  • District of Northeast Missouri: Lewis Merrill
  • District of Northwest Missouri: Willard Preble Hall
  • District of Central Missouri: Benjamin Franklin Loan
  • District of Rolla: John Montgomery Glover
  • District of Eastern Arkansas: Willis Arnold Gorman
  • District of Nebraska Territory: James Craig
  • District of Colorado Territory: John Milton Chivington
  • Army of the Frontier: James Gilpatrick Blunt
  • Army of Southeastern Missouri: John Wynn Davidson

Middle Department: John Ellis Wool interim Robert Cumming Schenck awaited

  • District of the Eastern Shore of Maryland: Henry Hayes Lockwood
  • VIII Corps Middle: John Ellis Wool

Department of New Mexico: James Henry Carleton

  • District of Arizona: Joseph Rodman West

Department of New York: Edward Denison Morgan

Department of North Carolina: John Gray Foster

Department of the Northwest: Washington Lafayette Elliott temporary

  • 1st District Northwest: John Cook
  • District of Minnesota: Henry Hastings Sibley
  • District of Wisconsin: Washington Lafayette Elliott

Department of the Ohio: Horatio Gouverneur Wright

  • District of Central Kentucky: Gordon Granger
  • District of Eastern Kentucky: Jonathan Cranor
  • District of Western Kentucky: Jeremiah Tilford Boyle
  • District of Western Virginia: Jacob Dolson Cox
    • Sub-District of the Kanawha: Eliakim Parker Scammon
  • Army of Kentucky: Gordon Granger

Department of the Pacific: George Wright

  • District of the Humboldt: Francis James Lippitt
  • District of Oregon: Benjamin Alvord
  • District of Southern California: George Washington Bowie
  • District of Utah: Patrick Edward Connor

Department of the Potomac: Ambrose Everett Burnside

  • Army of the Potomac: Ambrose Everett Burnside
    • Right Grand Division: Edwin Vose Sumner
      • II Corps Potomac: Darius Nash Couch
      • IX Corps Potomac: Orlando Bolivar Willcox temporary
    • Left Grand Division Potomac: William Buel Franklin
      • I Corps Potomac: John Fulton Reynolds
      • VI Corps Potomac: William Farrar Smith
    • Centre Grand Division Potomac: Joseph Hooker
      • III Corps Potomac: George Stoneman
      • V Corps Potomac: Daniel Butterfield
    • Reserve Grand Division Potomac: Franz Sigel
      • XI Corps Potomac: Franz Sigel
      • XII Corps Potomac: Henry Warner Slocum

Department of the South: John Milton Brannan temporary

  • X Corps South: John Milton Brannan

Department of the Tennessee: Ulysses Simpson Grant

  • District of Memphis: Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
  • District of Corinth: Charles Smith Hamilton
  • District of Jackson: Jeremiah Cutler Sullivan
  • District of Columbus: Thomas Alfred Davies
  • Army of the Tennessee: Ulysses Simpson Grant
    • XIII Corps Tennessee: John Alexander McClernand awaited
      • Right Wing XIII Corps Tennessee: William Tecumseh Sherman
      • Left Wing XIII Corps Tennessee: Charles Smith Hamilton
      • Centre XIII Corps: James Birdseye McPherson
    • XV Corps Tennessee: William Tecumseh Sherman awaited
    • XVI Corps Tennessee: Stephen August Hurlbut awaited
    • XVII Corps Tennessee: James Birdseye McPherson awaited

Department of Virginia: John Adams Dix

  • IV Corps Virginia: Erasmus Darwin Keyes
  • VII Corps Virginia: John Adams Dix

Military District of Washington: Samuel Peter Heintzelman

Confederate Organisation

CSA: Patrick Ronayne Cleburne confirmed Major-General PACS 20 December 1862 to rank from 13 December 1862.

CSA: Franklin Gardner confirmed Major-General PACS 20 December 1862 to rank from 13 December 1862.

CSA: Marcus Joseph Wright confirmed Brigadier-General PACS 20 December 1862 to rank from 13 December 1862.

CSA: Zachariah Cantey Deas confirmed Brigadier-General PACS 20 December 1862 to rank from 13 December 1862.

CSA: Lucius Eugene Polk confirmed Brigadier-General PACS 20 December 1862 to rank from 13 December 1862.

CSA: Roger Weightman Hanson confirmed Brigadier-General PACS 20 December 1862 to rank from 13 December 1862.

Commander in Chief: President Jefferson Finis Davis
Vice-President: Alexander Hamilton Stephens
Secretary of War: James Alexander Seddon
Secretary of the Navy: Stephen Russell Mallory

Military Adviser to the President: Vacant

Military Division of the West: Joseph Eggleston Johnston

  • Western Department: Braxton Bragg
    • Department of East Tennessee: Henry Heth
    • District of the Tennessee: John Porter McCown
    • Gulf District: William Whann Mackall interim Simon Bolivar Buckner awaited
    • Army of Tennessee: Braxton Bragg
      • I Corps Tennessee: Leonidas Polk
      • II Corps Tennessee: William Joseph Hardee
      • Smith’s Corps Tennessee: Edmund Kirby Smith
  • Department of Mississippi and East Louisiana: John Clifford Pemberton
    • District One of Mississippi and East Louisiana: Daniel Ruggles
    • District Two of Mississippi and East Louisiana: Carter Littlepage Stevenson
    • District Three of Mississippi and East Louisiana: William Nelson Rector Beall
    • Army of Mississippi: John Clifford Pemberton
      • I Corps Mississippi: William Wing Loring temporary
      • II Corps Mississippi: Sterling Price

Department of Henrico: John Henry Winder

Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia: Gustavus Woodson Smith

  • Sub-District of Cape Fear: William Henry Chase Whiting

Department of Northern Virginia: Robert Edward Lee

  • Army of Northern Virginia: Robert Edward Lee
    • I Corps Northern Virginia: James Longstreet
    • II Corps Northern Virginia: Thomas Jonathan Jackson
  • Valley District: Daniel Harvey Hill temporary

Department of Richmond: Arnold Elzey

Department of South Carolina, Georgia and Florida: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard

  • District of Georgia: Alexander Robert Lawton
  • District of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley
    • 1st Sub-District of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley
    • 2nd Sub-District of South Carolina: Johnson Hagood
    • 3rd Sub-District of South Carolina: William Stephen Walker
    • 4th Sub-District of South Carolina: James Heyward Trapier
  • District of East Florida: Joseph Finegan
  • District of Middle Florida: Thomas Howell Cobb
  • District of West Florida: John Horace Forney

Trans-Allegheny Department: Samuel Jones

  • District of Abingdon: Humphrey Marshall

Trans-Mississippi Department: Theophilus Hunter Holmes

  • District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: John Bankhead Magruder
    • Western Sub-District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: Henry Eustace McCullough
      • Sub-District of the Rio Grande: Hamilton Prioleau Bee
    • Sub-District of Houston: Xavier Blanchard Debray
    • Eastern Sub-District of Texas, New Mexico and Arizona: Xavier Blanchard Debray
    • Southwest Army: Thomas Carmichael Hindman
  • District of Arkansas: Thomas Carmichael Hindman
  • District of West Louisiana: Richard Taylor
  • District of Indian Territory: Douglas Hancock Cooper
  • Defences of Pass Cavallo: John W Glenn
  • I Corps Trans-Mississippi: vacant

Union Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

Major-General USA

George Brinton McClellan
John Charles Frémont
Henry Wager Halleck
John Ellis Wool

Major-General USV

Asterisk indicates concurrently Brigadier-General USA

John Adams Dix
Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Benjamin Franklin Butler
David Hunter
Edwin Denison Morgan
Ethan Allen Hitchcock
Ulysses Simpson Grant
Irvin McDowell*
Ambrose Everett Burnside
William Starke Rosecrans*
Don Carlos Buell
John Pope*
Samuel Ryan Curtis
Franz Sigel
John Alexander McClernand
Lewis Wallace
Cassius Marcellus Clay
George Henry Thomas
George Cadwalader
William Tecumseh Sherman
Edward Otho Cresap Ord
Edwin Vose Sumner*
Samuel Peter Heintzelman
Erasmus Darwin Keyes
Joseph Hooker*
Silas Casey
Fitz John Porter
William Buel Franklin
Darius Nash Couch
Henry Warner Slocum
John James Peck
John Sedgwick
William Farrar Smith
Alexander McDowell McCook
Thomas Leonidas Crittenden
John Gray Foster
John Grubb Parke
Christopher Columbus Augur
Robert Cumming Schenck
Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
Gordon Granger
Charles Smith Hamilton
Jacob Dolson Cox
Lovell Harrison Rousseau
James Birdseye McPherson
Benjamin Mayberry Prentiss
George Stoneman
John Fulton Reynolds
George Gordon Meade
Oliver Otis Howard
Daniel Edgar Sickles
Robert Huston Milroy
Daniel Butterfield
Winfield Scott Hancock
George Sykes
William Henry French
David Sloane Stanley
James Scott Negley
John McAllister Schofield
John McAuley Palmer
Frederick Steele
Abner Doubleday
Napoleon Jackson Tecumseh Dana
Hiram Gregory Berry
Richard James Oglesby
John Alexander Logan
James Gilpatrick Blunt
George Lucas Hartsuff
William Wallace Burns
Napoleon Bonaparte Buford
Cadwallader Colden Washburn
Francis Jay Herron
Francis Preston Blair
Joseph Jones Reynolds

Brigadier-General USA

Brackets indicates concurrently Major-General USV

William Selby Harney
(Edwin Vose Sumner)
(Irvin McDowell)
Robert Anderson
(William Starke Rosecrans)
Philip St George Cooke
(John Pope)
(Joseph Hooker)

Brigadier-General USV

Andrew Porter
Charles Pomeroy Stone
Thomas West Sherman
George Archibald McCall
William Reading Montgomery
Rufus King
Benjamin Franklin Kelley
Alpheus Starkey Williams
James Cooper
James Brewerton Ricketts
Orlando Bolivar Willcox
Michael Corcoran
Henry Hayes Lockwood
Louis Blenker
James Samuel Wadsworth
George Webb Morell
John Henry Martindale
Samuel Davis Sturgis
James William Denver
Egbert Ludovicus Vielé
James Shields
William Farquhar Barry
John Joseph Abercrombie
Lawrence Pike Graham
Abram Duryée
Eleazar Arthur Paine
Ebenezer Dumont
Willis Arnold Gorman
Horatio Gouverneur Wright
William Thomas Ward
John Gross Barnard
Innis Newton Palmer
Seth Williams
John Newton
George Wright
William Thomas Harbaugh Brooks
John Milton Brannan
John Porter Hatch
William Kerley Strong
Albin Francisco Schoepf
Thomas John Wood
Richard W Johnson
Adolph Wilhelm August Friedrich Von Steinwehr
George Washington Cullum
Jeremiah Tilford Boyle
Schuyler Hamilton
George Washington Morgan
Julius Stahel
Thomas Jefferson McKean
Zealous Bates Tower
Jefferson Columbus Davis
James Henry Lane
James Abram Garfield
Lewis Golding Arnold
William Scott Ketchum
John Wynn Davidson
David Bell Birney
Thomas Francis Meagher
Henry Morris Naglee
Andrew Johnson
James Gallant Spears
Eugene Asa Carr
Thomas Alfred Davies
Daniel Tyler
William Hemsley Emory
Andrew Jackson Smith
Marsena Rudolph Patrick
Isaac Ferdinand Quinby
Orris Sanford Ferry
Daniel Phineas Woodbury
Henry Moses Judah
John Cook
John McArthur
Jacob Gartner Lauman
Horatio Phillips Van Cleve
Speed Smith Fry
Alexander Asboth
James Craig
Mahlon Dickerson Manson
Edward Richard Sprigg Canby
Grenville Mellen Dodge
Robert Byington Mitchell
Quincy Adams Gillmore
Amiel Weeks Whipple
Cuvier Grover
Rufus Saxton
Benjamin Alvord
William Sooy Smith
Nathan Kimball
Charles Devens
James Henry Van Alen
Carl Schurz
Samuel Wylie Crawford
Henry Walton Wessells
Milo Smith Hascall
Leonard Fulton Ross
John White Geary
Alfred Howe Terry
Andrew Atkinson Humphreys
James Henry Carleton
Absalom Baird
John Cleveland Robinson
Truman Seymour
Henry Prince
Abram Sanders Piatt
Thomas Turpin Crittenden
Maximilian Weber
Jeremiah Cutler Sullivan
Alvin Peterson Hovey
James Clifford Veatch
William Plummer Benton
John Curtis Caldwell
Neal Dow
George Sears Greene
Samuel Powhatan Carter
John Gibbon
Erastus Barnard Tyler
Charles Griffin
George Henry Gordon
James Madison Tuttle
Julius White
Peter Joseph Osterhaus
Stephen Gano Burbridge
Washington Lafayette Elliott
Albion Parris Howe
Green Clay Smith
William Bowen Campbell
Philip Henry Sheridan
Benjamin Stone Roberts
Alfred Pleasonton
Jacob Ammen
Joshua Woodrow Sill
Catharinus Putnam Buckingham
Fitz-Henry Warren
Morgan Lewis Smith
Charles Cruft
Frederick Salomon
John Cochrane
John Basil Turchin
Henry Shaw Briggs
James Dada Morgan
Johann August Ernst Willich
Henry Dwight Terry
James Blair Steedman
George Foster Shepley
John Buford
John Reese Kenly
John Potts Slough
Godfrey Weitzel
Gabriel René Paul
George Crook
Thomas Leiper Kane
Gershom Mott
Edward Ferrero
Francis Laurens Vinton
Henry Jackson Hunt
Francis Channing Barlow
Mason Brayman
Nathaniel James Jackson
George Washington Getty
Alfred Sully
Gouverneur Kemble Warren
William Woods Averell
Alexander Hays
Henry Hastings Sibley
Calvin Edward Pratt
Francis Barretto Spinola
John Henry Hobart Ward
John Milton Thayer
Solomon Meredith
James Bowen
Eliakim Parker Scammon
Robert Seaman Granger
Joseph Rodman West
Joseph Warren Revere
Alfred Washington Ellet
George Leonard Andrews
Clinton Bowen Fisk
William Hays
Israel Vogdes
David Allen Russell
Lewis Cass Hunt
Frank Wheaton
John Sanford Mason
David McMurtrie Gregg
Robert Ogden Tyler
Alfred Thomas Archimedes Torbert
William Haines Lytle
Gilman Marston
William Dwight
Sullivan Amory Meredith
Edward Needles Kirk
Nathaniel Collins McLean
William Vandever
Alexander Schimmelfennig
Charles Thomas Campbell
Charles Kinnaird Graham
John Eugene Smith
Joseph Tarr Copeland
Charles Adam Heckman
Stephen Gardner Champlin
Edward Elmer Potter
Thomas Algeo Rowley
Henry Beebee Carrington
John Haskell King
Adam Jacoby Slemmer
Thomas Hewson Neill
Thomas Gamble Pitcher
Thomas William Sweeny
William Passmore Carlin
Romeyn Beck Ayres
William Babcock Hazen
James St Clair Morton
Joseph Anthony Mower
Richard Arnold
Edward Winslow Hinks
George Crockett Strong
Michael Kelly Lawler
George Day Wagner
Lysander Cutler
Joseph Farmer Knipe
John Dunlap Stevenson
Joshua Thomas Owen
James Barnes
Theophilus Toulmin Garrard
Edward Harland
Samuel Kosciuszko Zook
Samuel Beatty
Isaac Jones Wistar
Franklin Stillman Nickerson
Edward Henry Hobson
Ralph Pomeroy Buckland
Joseph Dana Webster
William Ward Orme
William Harrow
William Hopkins Morris
John Beatty
Thomas Howard Ruger
Thomas Edward Greenfield Ransom
Elias Smith Dennis
Thomas Church Haskell Smith
Mortimer Dormer Leggett
Davis Tillson
Hector Tyndale
Charles Cleveland Dodge
Albert Lindley Lee
Charles Leopold Matthies
Marcellus Monroe Crocker
Egbert Benson Brown
John McNeil
George Francis McGinnis
George Washington Deitzler
Hugh Boyle Ewing
James Winning McMillan
Robert Christie Buchanan
Wladimir Bonawentura Krzyzanowski
James Allen Hardie
Isham Nicolas Haynie
Frederick Shearer Stumbaugh
David Stuart
John Blair Smith Todd
Orlando Metcalfe Poe

Brigadier-General USA (Staff)

Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (Quartermaster-General)
Henry Knox Craig
Lorenzo Thomas (Adjutant-General)
James Wolfe Ripley (Ordnance)
William Alexander Hammond (Surgeon-General)

Confederate Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

General ACSA/PACS

Samuel Cooper
Robert Edward Lee
Joseph Eggleston Johnston
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
Braxton Bragg

Lieutenant-General PACS

James Longstreet
Edmund Kirby Smith
Leonidas Polk
Theophilus Hunter Holmes
William Joseph Hardee
Thomas Jonathan Jackson
John Clifford Pemberton

Major-General PACS

Earl Van Dorn
Gustavus Woodson Smith
Benjamin Huger
John Bankhead Magruder
Mansfield Lovell
Richard Stoddert Ewell
William Wing Loring
Sterling Price
Benjamin Franklin Cheatham
Samuel Jones
John Porter McCown
Daniel Harvey Hill
Jones Mitchell Withers
Thomas Carmichael Hindman
John Cabell Breckinridge
Lafayette McLaws
Ambrose Powell Hill
Richard Heron Anderson
James Ewell Brown Stuart
Richard Taylor
Simon Bolivar Buckner
Samuel Gibbs French
David Rumph Jones
George Edward Pickett
Carter Littlepage Stevenson
John Bell Hood
John Horace Forney
Dabney Herndon Maury
Martin Luther Smith
John George Walker
Arnold Elzey
Patrick Ronayne Cleburne
Franklin Gardner

Brigadier-General PACS

Alexander Robert Lawton
Charles Clark
John Buchanan Floyd
Henry Alexander Wise
Henry Hopkins Sibley
John Henry Winder
Daniel Smith Donelson
Gideon Johnson Pillow
Robert Augustus Toombs
William Henry Chase Whiting
Jubal Anderson Early
Isaac Ridgeway Trimble
Daniel Ruggles
Roswell Sabine Ripley
Paul Octave Hébert
Albert Gallatin Blanchard
Gabriel James Rains
Thomas Fenwick Drayton
Lloyd Tilghman
Nathan George Evans
Cadmus Marcellus Wilcox
Robert Emmett Rodes
James Heyward Trapier
William Henry Carroll
Hugh Weedon Mercer
Alexander Peter Stewart
William Montgomery Gardner
Richard Brooke Garnett
William Mahone
Edward Johnson
Raleigh Edward Colston
Henry Heth
Sterling Alexander Martin Wood
John King Jackson
Bushrod Rust Johnson
James Patton Anderson
Howell Cobb
George Wythe Randolph
Joseph Brevard Kershaw
James Ronald Chalmers
James Johnston Pettigrew
Daniel Leadbetter
William Whann Mackall
Robert Ransom
Daniel Marsh Frost
Winfield Scott Featherston
Thomas James Churchill
William Booth Taliaferro
Albert Rust
Samuel Bell Maxey
Hamilton Prioleau Bee
James Morrison Hawes
George Hume Steuart
James Edwin Slaughter
Charles William Field
Paul Jones Semmes
Lucius Marshall Walker
Seth Maxwell Barton
Henry Eustace McCullough
John Stevens Bowen
Benjamin Hardin Helm
John Selden Roane
States Rights Gist
William Nelson Pendleton
Lewis Addison Armistead
Joseph Finegan
William Nelson Rector Beall
Thomas Jordan
William Preston
Roger Atkinson Pryor
John Echols
George Earl Maney
Jean Jacques Alfred Alexandre Mouton
John Stuart Williams
James Green Martin
Thomas Lanier Clingman
Wade Hampton
Daniel Weisiger Adams
Louis Hébert
John Creed Moore
Ambrose Ransom Wright
James Lawson Kemper
James Jay Archer
Beverley Holcombe Robertson
St John Richardson Liddell
Nathan Bedford Forrest
Johnson Hagood
William Dorsey Pender
Micah Jenkins
Martin Edwin Green
Fitzhugh Lee
Harry Thompson Hays
Albert Gallatin Jenkins
William Barksdale
Edward Dorr Tracy
Matthew Duncan Ector
Edward Aylesworth Perry
John Gregg
John Calvin Brown
Alfred Holt Colquitt
Junius Daniel
Abraham Buford
William Steele
James Fleming Fagan
William Read Scurry
Francis Asbury Shoup
Joseph Robert Davis
William Henry Fitzhugh Lee
William Edmondson Jones
William Edwin Baldwin
John Crawford Vaughn
Evander McIvor Law
William Brimage Bate
Elkanah Brackin Greer
Francis Redding Tillou Nicholls
Preston Smith
Alfred Cumming
William Stephen Walker
Joseph Wheeler
George Pierce Doles
Carnot Posey
Montgomery Dent Corse
George Thomas Anderson
Alfred Iverson
James Henry Lane
Edward Lloyd Thomas
Stephen Dodson Ramseur
John Rogers Cooke
Jerome Bonaparte Robertson
Elisha Franklin Paxton
Evander McNair
William George Mackey Davis
Archibald Gracie
William Robertson Boggs
James Camp Tappan
Dandridge McRae
Mosby Monroe Parsons
Stephen Dill Lee
John Pegram
John Sappington Marmaduke
John Austin Wharton
William Thompson Martin
John Hunt Morgan
Marcus Joseph Wright
Zachariah Cantey Deas
Lucius Eugene Polk
Edward Cary Walthall
Roger Weightman Hanson

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