1861 October 1st

October 1 1861 Monday

Confederate Invasion of New Mexico
Cheat Mountain Campaign, West Virginia

Go to October 2 1861

California. Expedition to Temecula Ranch ended.

Massachusetts. The Department of New England was established with its headquarters in Boston. Its territory comprised Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut. Its primary aims were to raise troops and to prepare expeditionary forces for operations along the Confederate coastlines, and especially for an attack on New Orleans, Louisiana. A secondary aim was to be alert to any risk of confrontation with Great Britain in Canada.

Missouri. Incident at Butler.

North Carolina. Confederate naval forces including CSS Curlew, CSS Raleigh, and CSS Junaluska, under Captain William Francis Lynch, captured the Union transport steamer Fanny in Pamlico Sound, along with 31 Union troops aboard.

Virginia. Confederate President Jefferson Finis Davis visited the Army of the Potomac at Fairfax Court House. He called a military conference or Council of War with General Joseph Eggleston Johnston, General Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard, and Major-General Gustavus Woodson Smith.

Beauregard proposed an ambitious offensive strategy to divide the Union by marching through Pennsylvania to Pittsburgh and onwards to Lake Erie, but insufficient forces were available to attempt such an extravagant plan. Johnston recommended a more defensive posture. Union naval expeditions to Hatteras Inlet and Ship Island were already drawing forces away to defend the vital ports and coastlines of North Carolina and Louisiana. Even the troops gathering at Pensacola, Florida, were now being recalled to more urgent posts elsewhere. The conference reached no resolution to the dilemma of inadequate resources and excessive demands. Davis agreed that the army in Virginia was compelled to maintain the strategic defensive and that any plans for offensive operations would have to be deferred until resources could be found.

Union Organisation

USA: The Department of New England was established, comprising the states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Connecticut which were detached from the Department of the East. The headquarters was in Boston, Massachusetts.
USA: Major-General Benjamin Franklin Butler was appointed to command the Department of New England, arriving on 6 October 1861.

USA: Lovell Harrison Rousseau promoted Brigadier-General USV 1 October 1861.

USA: James Scott Negley promoted Brigadier-General USV 6 February 1862 to rank from 1 October 1861.

USA: Melancthon Smith Wade promoted Brigadier-General USV 1 October 1861, rejected and unconfirmed.

Commander in Chief: President Abraham Lincoln
Vice-President: Hannibal Hamlin
Secretary of War: Simon Cameron
Secretary of the Navy: Gideon Welles

Atlantic Blockading Squadron: Louis Malesherbes Goldsborough
Gulf Blockading Squadron: William McKean
Pacific Squadron: John Berrien Montgomery
Western Gunboat Flotilla: Andrew Hull Foote
Potomac Flotilla: Thomas Tingey Craven

General–in-Chief: Winfield Scott

Department of the Cumberland: Robert Anderson

Department of the East: Vacant

Department of Florida: Harvey Brown

Department of New England: Benjamin Franklin Butler awaited

Department of the Ohio: Ormsby McKnight Mitchel

• District of Grafton: Benjamin Franklin Kelley

Department of the Pacific: Edwin Vose Sumner

• District of Oregon: Benjamin Lloyd Beall
• District of Southern California: George Wright awaited

Department of the Potomac: George Brinton McClellan

• Army of the Potomac: George Brinton McClellan

Department of Texas: Vacant

Department of Virginia: John Ellis Wool

Western Department: John Charles Frémont

• District of Western Kentucky: Charles Ferguson Smith
• District of North Missouri: John Pope
• District of Southeast Missouri: Ulysses Simpson Grant
• Southern District of New Mexico: Benjamin Stone Roberts
• Western Army: John Charles Frémont

Department of Western Virginia: William Starke Rosecrans awaited

Confederate Organisation

CSA: The Defences of North Carolina was discontinued and its territory transferred to the new District of Cape Fear.
CSA: The District of Cape Fear was established in the Department of North Carolina, comprising the territory formerly in the Defences of North Carolina.
CSA: Brigadier-General Joseph Reid Anderson assumed command of the District of Cape Fear.

CSA: The District of Arizona was established, comprising Arizona, New Mexico, western Texas, and the Indian Territory, reporting directly to the War Department.
CSA: Colonel John Robert Baylor (2nd Texas Mounted Rifles) assumed command of the District of Arizona.

Commander in Chief: President Jefferson Finis Davis
Vice-President: Alexander Hamilton Stephens
Secretary of War: Judah Philip Benjamin
Secretary of the Navy: Stephen Russell Mallory

Military Adviser to the President: Robert Edward Lee

Department No 1: David Emanuel Twiggs

• District of Alabama: Jones Mitchell Withers

Department of Fredericksburg: Daniel Harvey Hill

• District of Aquia: vacant

Department of Middle and Eastern Florida: John Breckinridge Grayson

Department of Norfolk: Benjamin Huger

Department of North Carolina: Richard Caswell Gatlin

• District of Cape Fear: Joseph Reid Anderson
• District of Pamlico: Daniel Harvey Hill awaited

Department of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder

• Army of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder

Department of the Potomac: Joseph Eggleston Johnston

• Army of the Potomac: Joseph Eggleston Johnston
  • I Corps Potomac: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
  • II Corps Potomac: Gustavus Woodson Smith
• Army of the Valley: Thomas Jonathan Jackson

Department of South Carolina: Roswell Sabine Ripley

Department of Southwestern Virginia: William Wing Loring

Department of Texas: Paul Octave Hébert

• Defences of Galveston: John Creed Moore

Department of West Florida: Braxton Bragg

• “Forces in Pensacola”: Braxton Bragg

Western Department: Albert Sidney Johnston

• First Geographical Division: Leonidas Polk
• District of Upper Arkansas: William Joseph Hardee
• District of the Indian Territory: Benjamin McCulloch
• District of East Tennessee: Felix Kirk Zollicoffer
• Army of Central Kentucky: Simon Bolivar Buckner
• Western Army: Benjamin McCulloch

District of Arizona: John Robert Baylor

Defences of Savannah: Alexander Robert Lawton

Forces in Richmond: Charles Dimmock

Army of the Northwest: William Wing Loring

Union Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

Major-General USA

Winfield Scott
George Brinton McClellan
John Charles Frémont
Henry Wager Halleck

Major-General USV

John Adams Dix
Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
Benjamin Franklin Butler
David Hunter
Edwin Denison Morgan

Brigadier-General USA

John Ellis Wool
William Selby Harney
Edwin Vose Sumner
Joseph King Fenno Mansfield
Irvin McDowell
Robert Anderson
William Starke Rosecrans

Brigadier-General USV

Samuel Peter Heintzelman
Erasmus Darwin Keyes
Andrew Porter
Fitz-John Porter
William Buel Franklin
William Tecumseh Sherman
Charles Pomeroy Stone
Don Carlos Buell
Thomas West Sherman
John Pope
George Archibald McCall
William Reading Montgomery
Philip Kearny
Joseph Hooker
John Wolcott Phelps
Ulysses Simpson Grant
Joseph Jones Reynolds
Samuel Ryan Curtis
Charles Smith Hamilton
Darius Nash Couch
Rufus King
Jacob Dolson Cox
Stephen Augustus Hurlbut
Franz Sigel
Robert Cumming Schenck
Benjamin Mayberry Prentiss
Frederick West Lander
Benjamin Franklin Kelley
John Alexander McClernand
Alpheus Starkey Williams
Israel Bush Richardson
James Cooper
James Brewerton Ricketts
Orlando Bolivar Willcox
Michael Corcoran
George Henry Thomas
Ambrose Everett Burnside
Henry Hayes Lockwood
Louis Blenker
Henry Warner Slocum
James Samuel Wadsworth
John James Peck
Ormsby McKnight Mitchel
George Webb Morell
John Henry Martindale
Samuel Davis Sturgis
George Stoneman
Henry Washington Benham
William Farrar Smith
James William Denver
Egbert Ludovicus Vielé
James Shields
John Fulton Reynolds
William Farquhar Barry
John Joseph Abercrombie
John Sedgwick
Charles Ferguson Smith
Silas Casey
Lawrence Pike Graham
George Gordon Meade
Abram Duryée
Alexander McDowell McCook
Oliver Otis Howard
Eleazar Arthur Paine
Daniel Edgar Sickles
Charles Davis Jameson
Ebenezer Dumont
Robert Huston Milroy
Lewis Wallace
Willis Arnold Gorman
Daniel Butterfield
Horatio Gouverneur Wright
Edward Otho Cresap Ord
William Nelson
William Thomas Ward
John Gross Barnard
Innis Newton Palmer
Seth Williams
John Newton
Winfield Scott Hancock
Thomas Leonidas Crittenden
George Wright
Isaac Ingalls Stevens
Thomas Williams
George Sykes
William Henry French
William Thomas Harbaugh Brooks
John Milton Brannan
William Wallace Burns
John Porter Hatch
David Sloane Stanley
William Kerley Strong
Albin Francisco Schoepf
Lovell Harrison Rousseau
James Scott Negley

Brigadier-General USA (Staff)

Montgomery Cunningham Meigs (Quartermaster-General)
Henry Knox Craig
Lorenzo Thomas (Adjutant-General)
James Wolfe Ripley (Ordnance)

Confederate Generals

Note: Italics, awaiting confirmation of the commission

General ACSA

Samuel Cooper
Albert Sidney Johnston
Robert Edward Lee
Joseph Eggleston Johnston
Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard

Major-General PACS

David Emanuel Twiggs
Leonidas Polk
Braxton Bragg
Earl Van Dorn
Gustavus Woodson Smith

Brigadier-General PACS

Alexander Robert Lawton
Milledge Lake Bonham
Benjamin McCulloch
William Wing Loring
Charles Clark
John Buchanan Floyd
William Henry Talbot Walker
Henry Rootes Jackson
Theophilus Hunter Holmes
Henry Alexander Wise
William Joseph Hardee
Richard Stoddert Ewell
David Rumph Jones
Benjamin Huger
John Bankhead Magruder
James Longstreet
Edmund Kirby Smith
John Clifford Pemberton
Thomas Jonathan Jackson
Henry Hopkins Sibley
John Henry Winder
Richard Caswell Gatlin
Daniel Smith Donelson
Samuel Read Anderson
Gideon Johnson Pillow
Benjamin Franklin Cheatham
Felix Kirk Zollicoffer
Daniel Harvey Hill
Jones Mitchell Withers
Richard Heron Anderson
Robert Augustus Toombs
Samuel Jones
Arnold Elzey
William Henry Chase Whiting
Jubal Anderson Early
Isaac Ridgway Trimble
Daniel Ruggles
George Bibb Crittenden
John Breckinridge Grayson
Roswell Sabine Ripley
Albert Pike
Paul Octave Hébert
Joseph Reid Anderson
Simon Bolivar Buckner
Leroy Pope Walker
Albert Gallatin Blanchard
Gabriel James Rains
James Ewell Brown Stuart
Lafayette McLaws
Thomas Fenwick Drayton
Thomas Carmichael Hindman
Adley Hogan Gladden