July 10 1861 Wednesday
McClellan’s West Virginia Campaign
Patterson’s Shenandoah Valley Operations
USA. The US House of Representatives passed Bills authorising loans of $500,000,000 and 50,000 volunteers to suppress the Confederate rebellion. The closure of Confederate ports by blockade was also formally empowered in legislation.
Missouri. Union and Confederates forces skirmished at Monroe Station.
New Mexico Territory. Fort Breckenridge was abandoned.
Tennessee. Government Postal services were suspended by Confederate authorities in Middle and West Tennessee.
Virginia. Confederate naval forces on the James River were placed under the command of Commander George Nichols Hollins CSN.
Virginia. Incidents at Laurel Hill, Rich Mountain, Belington, and Camp Garnett. In preliminary skirmishes before the action at Rich Mountain, one Union soldier was reported killed and two wounded.
Union Organisation
USA: Commander Thomas Tingey Craven USN assumed command of the Potomac Flotilla of the US Navy, succeeding Commander Stephen Clegg Rowan USN.
Commander in Chief: President Abraham Lincoln
Vice-President: Hannibal Hamlin
Secretary of War: Simon Cameron
Secretary of the Navy: Gideon Welles
- Coast Blockading Squadron USN: Flag Officer Silas Horton Stringham USN
- Gulf Blockading Squadron USN: Flag Officer William Mervine USN
- Pacific Squadron USN: Captain John B Montgomery USN
- Potomac Flotilla USN: Commander Thomas Tingey Craven USN
General–in-Chief: Winfield Scott
- Department of Annapolis: Nathaniel Prentiss Banks
- Department of the East: John Ellis Wool
- Department of Florida: Harvey Brown
- Department of Kentucky: Robert Anderson
- Department of Northeastern Virginia: Irvin McDowell
- Army of Northeastern Virginia: Irvin McDowell
- Department of the Ohio: George Brinton McClellan
- Army of Occupation: George Brinton McClellan
- Department of the Pacific: Edwin Vose Sumner
- District of Oregon: George Wright
- Department of Pennsylvania: Robert Patterson
- Army of the Shenandoah: Robert Patterson
- Department of Texas: Vacant
- Department of Utah: Philip St George Cooke
- Department of Virginia: Benjamin Franklin Butler
- Department of Washington: Joseph King Fenno Mansfield
- Western Department: Nathaniel Lyon interim John Charles Frémont awaited
- District of Ironton: Benjamin Gratz Brown
- Army of the West: Nathaniel Lyon
Confederate Organisation
CSA: Jones Mitchell Withers promoted Brigadier-General PACS 10 July 1861.
Withers, Jones Mitchell | Alabama | Born 12 January 1814 Madison, Alabama | USMA 1835 44/56 Dragoons | 1st US Dragoons 1 July 1835 Resigned USA 5 December 1835 Lieutenant-Colonel USA 13th US Infantry 9 April 1847 Colonel USA 9th US Infantry 13 September 1847 Resigned 23 May 1848 Colonel PACS 3rd Alabama 28 April 1861 Brigadier-General PACS 10 July 1861 Major-General PACS 6 April 1862 Resigned PACS July 13 1863 Reappointed Major-General PACS July 21 1863 | Died 13 March 1890 | 23 May 1861 – 25 May 1861 Department of Norfolk, 12 September 1861 – 27 January 1862 District of Alabama, 27 January 1862 – 4 February 1862 Army of Mobile, 30 June 1862 – 2 July 1862 Reserve Corps Mississippi, 5 August 1862 – 20 November 1862 Reserve Corps Mississippi, 6 February 1864 – 27 July 1864 District of Northern Alabama, 30 April 1864 – 4 May 1865 Reserve Forces of Alabama
CSA: Daniel Harvey Hill promoted Brigadier-General PACS 10 July 1861.
Hill, Daniel Harvey | South Carolina | Born 12 July 1821 York, South Carolina | USMA 1842 28/56 Artillery – Infantry | 1st US Artillery 1 July 1842 3rd US Artillery 20 October 1843 2nd Lieutenant USA 4th US Artillery 13 October 1845 1st Lieutenant USA 4th US Infantry 3 March 1847 Resigned USA 28 February 1849 Colonel PACS 1st North Carolina May 1861 Brigadier-General PACS July 10 1861 Major-General PACS March 25 1862 to rank from March 26 1862 Lieutenant-General PACS (Special) July 11 1863 Expired October 11 1863 reverted to Major-General PACS Surrendered 26 April 1865 Paroled 1 May 1865 | Died 24 September 1889 | 27 May 1861 – 20 August 1861 Department of South Carolina, 31 May 1861 – 16 June 1861 Department of the Peninsula, 31 May 1861 – 16 June 1861 Army of the Peninsula, 17 July 1861 – 22 October 1861 Department of Fredericksburg, 29 September 1861 – 15 November 1861 District of Pamlico, 14 March 1862 – 4 May 1862 Centre Wing Northern Virginia, 17 July 1862 – 19 September 1862 Department of North Carolina, 6 September 1862 – 28 December 1862 Valley District, 14 January 1863 – 16 February 1863 Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia, 23 February 1863 – 26 February 1863 Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia, 28 May 1863 – 30 June 1863 Department of North Carolina and Southern Virginia, 1 July 1863 – 12 July 1863 Department of Richmond, 24 July 1863 – 14 October 1863 II Corps Tennessee, 21 January 1865 – 10 April 1865 District of Georgia, 22 February 1865 – 26 February 1865 Army of Tennessee, 16 March 1865 – 8 April 1865 I Corps Tennessee
Commander in Chief: President Jefferson Finis Davis
Vice-President: Alexander Hamilton Stephens
Secretary of War: Leroy Pope Walker
Secretary of the Navy: Stephen Russell Mallory
Military Adviser to the President: Robert Edward Lee
- Department No 1: David Emanuel Twiggs
- “Forces in New Orleans” “Army of Louisiana”: Braxton Bragg
- Department of Fredericksburg: Theophilus Hunter Holmes
- Department of Norfolk: Benjamin Huger
- Department of North Carolina: Theophilus Hunter Holmes
- Defences of North Carolina: Theophilus Hunter Holmes
- Department of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder
- Army of the Peninsula: John Bankhead Magruder
- Department of the Potomac: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
- Army of the Potomac: Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard
- Department of South Carolina: Daniel Harvey Hill
- Department of Southwestern Virginia: William Wing Loring
- Department of Texas: Earl Van Dorn
- Defences of Galveston: John Creed Moore
- Department of West Florida: Braxton Bragg
- “Forces in Pensacola”: Braxton Bragg
- Western Department: Leonidas Polk
- District of Upper Arkansas: William Joseph Hardee
- Forces in Missouri: Benjamin McCulloch
- Defences of Savannah: Alexander Robert Lawton
- District of Harper’s Ferry: Joseph Eggleston Johnston
- Army of the Shenandoah: Joseph Eggleston Johnston
- Indian Territory: Benjamin McCulloch
- Forces in Richmond: Thomas Turner Fauntleroy
- Army of the Kanawha: Henry Alexander Wise
- Army of Liberation: Gideon Johnson Pillow
- Army of the Northwest: Robert Selden Garnett
Union Generals
- Major-General USA Winfield Scott 5 July 1841 to rank from 25 June 1841 General-in-Chief
- Major-General USA George Brinton McClellan 14 May 1861 Department of the Ohio & Army of Occupation
- Major-General USA John Charles Frémont 3 July 1861 to rank from 14 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USA John Ellis Wool 25 June 1841 Department of the East
- Brigadier-General USA William Selby Harney 14 June 1858
- Brigadier-General USA Edwin Vose Sumner 16 March 1861 Department of the Pacific
- Brigadier-General USA Irvin McDowell 14 May 1861 Department of Northeastern Virginia & Army of Northeastern Virginia
- Brigadier-General USA Joseph Fenno King Mansfield May 17 1861 to rank from May 14 1861 Department of Washington
- Brigadier-General USA Montgomery Cunningham Meigs 15 May 1861 Quartermaster-General
- Brigadier-General USA Robert Anderson 17 June 1861 to rank from 15 May 1861 Department of Kentucky
- Brigadier-General USA William Starke Rosecrans 16 June 1861 to rank from 16 May 1861
- Major-General USV John Adams Dix 16 May 1861
- Major-General USV Benjamin Franklin Butler 16 May 1861Department of Virginia
- Major-General USV Nathaniel Prentiss Banks 3 June 1861 to rank from 16 May 1861 Department of Annapolis
- Major-General USV John Charles Frémont 3 July 1861 to rank from 14 May 1861 Western Department awaited
- Brigadier-General USV Nathaniel Lyon 17 May 1861 Department of the West interim & Army of the West
- Brigadier-General USV Jacob Dolson Cox 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Samuel Peter Heintzelman 27 May 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Robert Cumming Schenck 5 June 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV John Pope 14 June 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Joseph Jones Reynolds 14 June 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Stephen Augustus Hurlbut 14 June 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV William Tecumseh Sherman 3 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Andrew Porter 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV William Buel Franklin 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Charles Pomeroy Stone 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Thomas West Sherman 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Benjamin Franklin Kelley 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Joseph Hooker 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV John Alexander McClernand 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Frederick West Lander 6 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Erasmus Darwin Keyes 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV David Hunter 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Don Carlos Buell 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Fitz-John Porter 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV George Archibald McCall 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Rufus King 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Franz Sigel 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 17 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Charles Smith Hamilton 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Samuel Ryan Curtis 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Philip Kearny 7 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Alpheus Starkey Williams 9 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV William Reading Montgomery 9 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Israel Bush Richardson 9 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Benjamin Mayberry Prentiss 9 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Darius Nash Couch 9 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 17 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Ulysses Simpson Grant 9 August 1861 to rank from May 17 1861
- Brigadier-General USV James Cooper 12 August 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV Julius Stahel 12 November 1861 to rank from 17 May 1861
- Brigadier-General USV John Wolcott Phelps 9 August 1861 to rank from 27 May 1861
- Colonel George Wright 3 March 1855 District of Oregon
- Colonel Philip St George Cooke 14 June 1858 Department of Utah
- Colonel Harvey Brown 14 May 1861 Department of Florida
- Colonel Benjamin Gratz Brown 22 April 1861 District of Ironton
- State Major-General Robert Patterson Department of Pennsylvania Army of the Shenandoah
Confederate Generals
- General ACSA Samuel Cooper 31 August 1861 to rank from 16 May 1861 Adjutant-General and Inspector General
- General ACSA Albert Sidney Johnston 31 August 1861 to rank from 30 May 1861
- General ACSA Robert Edward Lee 31 August 1861 to rank from 14 June 1861 Military Adviser to the President
- General ACSA Joseph Eggleston Johnston August 31 1861 to rank from 4 July 1861 District of Harper’s Ferry & Army of the Shenandoah
- Major-General PACS David Emanuel Twiggs March 22 1861 Department No 1
- Major-General Leonidas Polk PACS 25 June 1861 Western Department
- Brigadier-General ACSA Pierre Gustave Toutant Beauregard March 1 1861 Department of the Potomac & Army of the Potomac
- Brigadier-General ACSA Braxton Bragg March 7 1861 Forces in Louisiana & Department of West Florida & Forces in Pensacola & Forces in New Orleans
- Brigadier-General PACS Alexander Robert Lawton 13 April 1861 Defences of Savannah
- Brigadier-General PACS Milledge Luke Bonham 23 April 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Benjamin McCulloch 11 May 1861 Indian Territory & Forces in Missouri
- Brigadier-General PACS William Wing Loring 20 May 1861 Department of Southwestern Virginia
- Brigadier-General PACS Charles Clark 22 May 1861.
- Brigadier-General PACS John Buchanan Floyd 23 May 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS William Henry Talbot Walker 25 May 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Henry Rootes Jackson 4 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Earl Van Dorn 5 June 1861 Department of Texas
- Brigadier-General PACS Theophilus Hunter Holmes 5 June 1861 Department of North Carolina & Defences of North Carolina & Department of Fredericksburg
- Brigadier-General PACS Henry Alexander Wise 5 June 1861 Army of the Kanawha
- Brigadier-General PACS Robert Selden Garnett 6 June 1861 Army of the Northwest
- Brigadier-General PACS William Joseph Hardee 17 June 1861 District of Upper Arkansas
- Brigadier-General PACS Benjamin Huger 17 June 1861 Department of Norfolk
- Brigadier-General PACS Thomas Jonathan Jackson 17 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Richard Stoddert Ewell 17 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Henry Hopkins Sibley 17 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Edmund Kirby Smith 17 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Barnard Elliott Bee 17 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS John Clifford Pemberton 17 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS John Bankhead Magruder 17 June 1861 Department of the Peninsula & Army of the Peninsula
- Brigadier-General PACS James Longstreet 17 June 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS David Rumph Jones 17 June 1861.
- Brigadier-General PACS John Henry Winder 21 June 1861 Provost Marshal General
- Brigadier-General PACS Richard Caswell Gatlin 13 August 1861 to rank from 8 July 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Gideon Johnson Pillow 9 July 1861 Army of Liberation
- Brigadier-General PACS Samuel Read Anderson 9 July 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Benjamin Franklin Cheatham 9 July 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Daniel Smith Donelson 9 July 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Felix Kirk Zollicoffer 9 July 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Jones Mitchell Withers 10 July 1861
- Brigadier-General PACS Daniel Harvey Hill 10 July 1861 Department of South Carolina
- Colonel Thomas Turner Fauntleroy Forces in Richmond
- Colonel John Creed Moore Defences of Galveston
